Modern problems of science and engineering lead outside the scope of continuum mechanics. In order to solve the problems a new nonlocal hydrodynamics of nonequilibrium processes had been developed on the base of statistical mechanics using methods of nonlinear operator sets and adaptive control. The allowance for selforganization and selfregulation provides the mathematical model to be completed and results discrete structure spectra and structure transitions in a system. Application of the new approach to problems of flow and wave propagation in condensed media allows the description of the observed effects that have no explanation in the framework of the classical hydrodynamics.

This paper presents the concept of creation and main features of integrated networked underwater surveillance systems. Several key aspects of such systems variants creation and their features are discussed.

Presented below are the results of experimental studies of the biosensor system of dolphins using acoustic channel for search and identification of underwater objects as well as for orientation in three dimensional space and underwater communications between individuals. The dolphin’s (Tursiops trunсatus) sonar functioning in complicated conditions of acoustic noise of the dolphin sonar is analyzed. It is shown that the basic mechanisms that provide noise immunity of the dolphin sonar are: the radiation of broadband pulses with zero carrier, use of burst (accumulation), burst rate variable repetition (time selection), and burst with interval-time coding. Possible ways of constructing of broadband underwater transducers and arrays capable to radiate acoustic signals similar to echolocation impulses of cetaceans are considered. Analyzed in the paper is functioning of two electrically operated models of broadband transducers: rod with phased excitation of sections and waveguide type transducer in the form of a coaxial set of piezoactive rings. Some results of solving synthesis and analysis problems for the above models of transducers are presented. It is shown that these transducers provide bandwidth, respectively, 1.5–2 octaves and 2–3 octaves and more.

The paper analyzes the most effective aperture synthesis methods in hydroacoustics. A synthesis method for wide-band signals is suggested. A SynApp program developed for comparative analysis of different methods is described. The results of an experimental study with test signals (generated by the program) and real signals (obtained from a real towed array) are presented. Aperture synthesis availability in hydroacoustics is concluded.

In the report the results of theoretical and experimental researches of the nonlinear phenomena in acoustics are discussed. It is shown, that using of these phenomena allows to create sonar devices and integrated systems for underwater and buried objects search, underwater surveillance, mineral and biological resources exploration, ocean environment monitoring. Characteristics of parametrical devices are discussed and results of their applications for solving various problems of hydroacoustics are considered. Ways of sonar means perfection and principles of their construction using methods of nonlinear acoustics are discussed.

This article represents some results, achieved in Siberian State University of Telecommunications and Information Sciences (SibSUTIS) in research of networks for underwater monitoring. Also, this article reports development and small series manufacturing of the range of unified underwater communication, control and navigation modules. These modules are needed for work in the near-field zone. Now they are used in the University experimental researches in the field of underwater networks technologies. These modules can be used as basis for solution of wide class of underwater researching and manufacturing problems.

The basic stages and perspective directions of marine hydrodynamics development are considered. Efficiency of computer technologies in hydrodynamic and engineering analysis is demonstrated. Necessity of their wider use in shipbuilding is substantiated.

In the article the state-of-the-art review of prospects of mobile underwater robots using for solving some naval problems is resulted: MCM, surveys, ports, harbors and sea borders protection, targeting and underwater surveillance. Possible technologies of the specified problems solving using mobile underwater robotics are considered.

Active control of low frequency sound vibration is considered. The necessity of solving this problem by active means in consequence of low cancellation effectiveness of passive techniques and means for signals on low frequencies is concluded. The algorithms and techniques development results are discussed for active cancellation of sound signals in water and air medium. The importance of solving this problem to ensure sea objects stealth and maintenance staff environmental safety is concluded. The real opportunity to cancel low frequency discreet components on not less then 8–15 dB and to reduce wide band level on not less then 6…8 dB is demonstrated. It is denoted that discreet frequency components cancellation both increase objects latency hiding and falsify objects classification characteristics.

Here we present the history of using marine mammals (MM) as humans’ assistants, the place and time of the Soviet Navy Aquarium creation, the main tasks of Lomonosov Moscow State University (MSU) involved into the research of dolphins’ abilities. We describe the biotechnical system for the underwater search (UwS) creation by MSU, about the active work of the USA on using MM. It is shown that the effectiveness and the economy of UwS using MM is much higher than using divers and technical means. The forecast of biotechnical systems development perspectives is given, and the necessity of creation of the Federal base for working with MM in Russia is pointed out.