The energy transmission rates of digital signals with a small base on communication lines sonar frequency range 10—60 kHz using as a criterion for the effectiveness of the specific energy consumption for transmitting one bit of information are evaluated . We obtain estimates of the minimum time delivery of messages by sonar lines retransmission.

The advanced methods and algorithms of digital space-time signal processing in multi-channel sonar systems for monitoring the underwater situation in sonar complexes of various purposes are considered. The examples of the block diagrams of signal processing algorithms in multi-beam echo sounders and forward-looking sonars and the results of simulations and field tests of the developed systems and devices confirm the effectiveness of their use for the assigned task solving are given.

The innovative development of the Navy is impossible without new scientific competence in modernization of existing and creation of advanced systems and samples of marine armament. The innovative potential for the development of the technique of the Navy may be obtained as a result of fundamental and exploratory research during which the advanced scientific knowledge arise. Therefore, the definition and justification of the list (portfolio) of promising fundamental and exploratory research formed on the basis of the latest scientific achievements, in terms of objectively existing resource constraints is one of the most important tasks of the bodies of state and military control.

Organization and carrying out of basic fundamental research for interests of the US Department of Defense (DoD) of the USA are considered. The main characteristic of component and the program elements DoDs of basic research are given.

Underwater surveillance suite of requirements is analyzed for future distributed netted systems in network-centric warfare (NCW). According to the main principles of NCW underwater surveillance system is considered together with control and gun grids.

The paper provides some results of experimental testing of stadiametric method based on acoustic tomography of the marine environment with application of broadband hydroacoustic signals. The authors have offered practical recommendations to produce remote control system for underwater vehicle and its navigation.

This paper describes the specifics of navigation support of the autonomous unmanned underwater vehicle’s group meeting the challenges of underwater scenery report.

The new abilities for long range ocean monitoring arising with underwater parametric array application are discussed. The results of single mode waveguide excitation in broad frequency band are presented. The effect of broadband single mode signal compression due to waveguide dispersion that leads to signal intensity increase in process of it propagation is shown. The results of the experimental research of specific features propagation of broadband sound signal generated by parametric array in shallow water are discussed. Some prospective of sharp directed parametric array application for marine environment research is considered.

The analysis of the application and the basic tendencies of development of the domestic space systems of radar and electronic monitoring of the sea surface.

The analysis of the possibilities of using of high-orbital and low-orbital systems of satellite communication in high-latitude regions is implemented. The domestic systems of satellite communication «Yamal» and «Gonetz» are considered. It is shown that under the known restrictions on use in high-latitude regions the system «Yamal» on the basis of geostationary relay satellites can be used for operative communication in regions of Far North and in Arctic coastal zone. The system «Gonetz» on the basis of low-orbital relay satellites provides an operative communication on limited distances and non-operative communication in «e-mail» mode in all high-latitude zone.

The article contains materials of scientific studies to assess the possibility of application of airborne compact aerosol lidar to ensure UAV glider flight mode over the sea water area and in coastal strips using ascending air — thermal columns. It is shown that for a considerable increase of the measurement range it’s reasonable to work in the wavelengths range near the boundary of the resonance absorption line of indicator components.

The condition of foreign workings out on creation of new types of electric thrusters (Ring Electric Motors-Thrusters - REMТ) for UUV (AUV & ROV) and ships is analysed. The various constructive decisions of foreign installations created within the limits of following technical concepts are generalised and considered: ERP, IMP, RDT, EPS and other.

Long stay under high pressure at maximum depths (300—500 m) leads to a critical overload of functional systems of a human body. It is accepted to speak about reactions of adaptation, superadaptation and even about the tense compensation. In the period of remote after-effect of these conditions the specific functional and structural changes not typical for natural age dynamics are observed in aquanauts. Preparations on the basis of heat shock proteins 70 are perspective means of activation of superadaptation reactions and treatment of a decompressive illness at aquanauts.

New means of protection from radiation, toxic influences and biopathogens on the basis of heat shock proteins 70 (Hsp70) and nontoxical derivatives of bacterial lipopolysaccharides (LPS) are developed. Strategy of a stress-xenobiotherapy is offered. The protective effect of a stress activation products of yeast cultures is shown. Laser adjuvants of vaccines on the basis of mobilization of endogenous Hps70 are received at laser processing of skin in a zone of vaccine introduction. Hps70, their conjugates with polyethyleneglycol (Hsp70-PEG) and hybrid protein on the basis of Hps70 and Fc-fragment of IgG (Hps70-Fs) are actoprotectors. These are perspective means of protection of the military personnel of ship structure and coastal parts of the Navy from extreme pathogenic influences.

The article shows the formation of the organization system of fundamental researches in interests of the Soviet and Russian Navy as the Defense Problem Section at the Presidium of the Russian Academy of Sciences. The short review of reports and materials of the participants of round-table discussion «Fundamental Science to the Navy» which was held within the International Maritime Defence Show in 2013 (IMDS-2013) is given.