Storm surge features in the Gulf of Finland formed by extreme cyclones during operation of Protection Barrier of St.-Petersburg from Floods
Abstract
The results of level rise simulation in the Gulf of Finland during the passage of the extreme and really observed cyclones over the Baltic Sea are presented. The analytical expression of atmospheric pressure field when passing intense cyclones was developed in the model of the Baltic Sea, which reproduces storm surges. This allows to simulate a wide range of trajectories and parameters of dangerous cyclones and resulting dangerous fluctuations in water level in the Gulf of Finland. Operation of St.-Petersburg Flood Protection Barrier was considered in the numerical experiments. It is shown that local level slope occurs in the Neva Bay under the closed Flood Protection Barrier and this slope can reach dangerous values. The simulation results are confirmed by level observations in the Gulf of Finland and in the Neva Bay during floods 2011 and 2013. These floods in St.-Petersburg were actually prevented. However, a more thorough analysis of the model calculations and the characteristics of specific cyclones will allow to carry out Protection Barrier gates maneuvers with most optimal way in the future.
About the Author
A. S. Averkiev
Russian State Hydrometeorological University
Russian Federation
Russian Federation
Saint-Petersburg
References
1. Vyazilova N. A. On extreme cyclone activity in the North Atlantic. Meteorologiya i gidrologiya, 2012, 11, 5—17 (in Russian).
2. Averkiev A. S., Klevannyy K. A. Calculation of extreme water levels in the eastern part of the Gulf of Finland. Russian Meteorology and Hydrology, 2009, 34(11), 741—747.
3. Miyazaki M., Ueno T., Unoki S. Theoretical studies of the surges off the Japan coast. Numerical methods for calculation of storm surges. Gidrometeoizdat, 1964, 116 p. (in Russian).
4. Averkiev A. S., Klevannyy K. A. A case study of the impact of cyclonic trajectories on sea-level extremes in the Gulf of Finland. Continental Shelf Research, 2010, 30(6), 707—714.
5. Klevannyy K. A., Averkiev A. Influence of the St. Petersburg Flood Protection Barrier on the water level rise in the eastern Gulf of Finland. Obschestvo. Sreda. Razvitiye, 2011, 1, 204—209 (in Russian).
6. Gordeeva S. M., Malinin V. N. On typing cyclone trajectories, leading to Neva river floods. Obschestvo. Sreda. Razvitiye, 2012, 2, 187—193 (in Russian).
7. Klevannyy K. A., Smirnova E. V. Using software package CARDINAL. Zhurnal Universiteta vodnykh kommunikatsiy, 2009, 1, 153—162 (in Russian).
8. Hydrodynamic and Water Pollution Computer Program. URL: http://cardinal-hydrosoft.com (date of access: 01.09.2013) (in Russian).
9. Klevannyy K. A., Mostamandy S. M. W. Last results of flood forecasting in St.Petersburg // Intern. Workshop «Extreme water levels in the Eastern Baltic». Russian State Hydrometeorological University. St.-Petersburg, Russia, 2007, 29—30.
10. Smith S. D., Banke E. G. Variation of the sea-surface drag coefficient with wind speed. Quart. J. Royal Meteorolog. Soc. 1975, 101(429), 665—673.
11. Directorate of St.Petersburg Flood Protection Barrier. URL: http://www.dambaspb.ru (date of access: 20.11.2013) (in Russian).
12. Web application of SMHI for the visualization of observations and forecasts for the sea. URL: http://produkter.smhi.se/OceanWeb/ (date of access: 19.11.2013)
13. The flood warning system. URL: http://spun.fkpkzs.ru/Hmc/Graphs (date of access: 22.11.2013) (in Russian).
14. Andreev P. N., Dvornikov A. Yu., Riabchenko V. A., Tsepelev V. Yu., Smirnov K. G. Storm surge simulation in the Neva Bay on the basis of three-dimensional model of circulation in terms of maneuvering gate of Flood Protection Barrier. Fundamentalnaya i prikladnaya gidrofizika. 2013, 6 (4), 23—31 (in Russian).
Review
For citations:
Averkiev A.S. Storm surge features in the Gulf of Finland formed by extreme cyclones during operation of Protection Barrier of St.-Petersburg from Floods. Fundamental and Applied Hydrophysics. 2014;7(4):29-39. (In Russ.)
Views:
168
Email this article 