The catastrophic flood of the Neva, September 10 (21), 1777. So, in what feet it was measured…
https://doi.org/10.59887/fpg/ex7e-unv4-xd1r
Abstract
The height of one of the most outstanding floods of the Neva on September 10 (21), 1777 is practically not captured on the walls of buildings and structures in St. Petersburg. In this context, the leveling catalog, which reflects more than 700 height marks of this flood, and plans with the location of these marks within St. Petersburg, seems to be absolutely unique and very relevant. The author of the catalog is Friedrich Wilhelm Bauer, quartermaster general, surveyor, cartographer. Work on leveling the flooded urban areas was carried out at the behest of Catherine II. In the leveling catalog of F.V. Bauer notes that the maximum height of the water in the flood of 1777 reached 10 feet 3 inches and that it was measured from the ordinary of the Admiralty footstock. To measure excess F.V. Bauer used the French linear measure, which made it possible to recalculate the maximum flood height to a value of 333 cm.
About the Authors
T. I. Malova
Shirshov Institute of Oceanology
Russian Federation
Russian Federation
36 Nakhimovsky Prosp., Moscow, 117997
A. A. Rodionov
Shirshov Institute of Oceanology; St. Petersburg Research Center of the Russian Academy of Sciences
Russian Federation
Russian Federation
36 Nakhimovsky Prosp., Moscow, 117997
5 Universitetskaya Nab., St. Petersburg, 199034
References
1. Bauer F.W. Leveling of the city of St. Petersburg, composed by the former Mr. General Engineer, General Quartermaster, and various Russian orders, Chevalier von Baur in 1779. Translated by the Highest Command from foreign languages into Russian. in 1795 by Ivan Lipgart // GMI SPb. Fond grafiki istorii goroda. Shifr: I-А-549-К. 29 l.
2. Bauer F.W. Leveling St. Petersburg, Military Topographic Depot. № 11747. RGVIA (M). F. 846. Op. 16. D. 22434.
3. Bauer F.W. Plan of the Metropolitan City of St. Peter showing the rise of water from the 10th day of the flood in September 1777 on the plan under the numbers marked with blue paint. SPb.: GMI SPb. Fond grafiki istorii goroda. Shifr: I-А-548-К.
4. Bauer F.W. Plan of the City of St. Peter with a description of a noble public building and with an indication of the 10thday of the flood in September 777, which is indicated by a red dotted line with a blue shading. М.: RGVIA. F. 846. Op. 16. D. 22433.
5. Krafft W.L. News and notes of academician Krafft about floods of Neva in Saint-Petersburg, with the table of everyday water increasing and decreasing in Kronstadt channel in 1777. Novyje Yezednevnyje Sochineniya. 1795, Part CIX, 37–50; Part CXI, 74–93.
6. Tooke W. View of the Russian Empire during the Reign of Catharine the Second, and to the Close of the Present Century». In three volumes. London, 1799, Vol I, XLIV, 564 p., 1 map.
7. [Georgi I.G.] Description of the Russian-Imperial capital city of St. Petersburg and attractions in its vicinity. SPb., 1794, XIC, [14], 727 p., plan.
8. Berh V.N. Detailed historical information about all the floods in St. Petersburg // Zapiski Gosudarstvennogo Admiralteiskogo Departamenta, otnosyashijesya k moreplavaniyu, naukam I slovesnosti. 1826. Part XI, 415–500.
9. Aller S.I. Description of the flood that was in St. Petersburg on November 7, 1824. SPb., 1826. VI p., 239 p., 2 additions.
10. Pushkarev I. Description of St. Petersburg and county towns of St. Petersburg province. SPb., Izdano sobstvennym izhdivenijem avtora, 1839, I, 32–33.
11. Chronicle of the Peter and Paul Fortress 1703–1879 / Arhiv Muzeya istorii Sankt-Peterburga. SPb., Petropavlovskaya krepost’. (Shifr: Кп-7249/III А-549 р.), 255 p.
12. Rykachev M.А. Floods in St. Petersburg and the possibility of predicting them based on meteorological observations // Zapiski po gidrografii. Vyp. XIX. 1898. P. 99–124.
13. Multanovskiy B. Floods in Leningrad // Novyi mir. 1925. № 1. P. 176–183.
14. Malova Т.I. Analysis of materials of leveling and cartographic works performed by F.V. Bauer in connection with the flood of the Neva in 1777. // Izvestiya Glavnoi astronomicheskoi observatorii v Pulkove. № 219. Vyp. 2. Istoriya nauki. SPb., 2009. P. 99–109.
15. Bogdanov V.I., Malova Т.I. Geodetic and cartographic works of F.V. Bauer in connection with the catastrophic flood of the Neva in 1777. Nemtsy v Sankt-Peterburge: Biograficheskiy aspekt. XVIII–XIX. Vyp. 5 / Otv. red. Т.А. Shrader. SPb., Muzey antropologii I etnografii im. Petra Velikogo (Kunstkamera) RAN, 2009, 12–29.
16. Image of the life of the late General Engineer and Cavalier Fyodor Vilimovich Bour, Perevedeno s nemetskago Dmitriem Fleerovym, na izhdivenii I pod smotreniyea N.M.A. Vo grade S. Petra 1785 goda.
17. Glinoetskiy N.P. History of the Russian General Staff. V. I. 1698–1824. SPb., Tipografiya shtaba voisk gvardii I Peterburgskago voennago okruga, 1883, 66–75, 387.
18. Krafft W.L. Notices et remarques sur les débordemens de la Néva à St. Petersbourg, accompagnées d’une carte représentant la crue et la diminution des eaux du canal de Kronstadt, pour chaque jour de l’année 1777 // Acta Academiae Scientiarum Imperialis Petropolitanae, pro Anno 1777. St. Petersbourg, 1780. P. 39–62.
19. Georgi J.G. Versuch einer Beschreibung der Russisch Kaiserlichen Residenzstadt St. Petersburg und der Mercmüroligceiten der Gegend. Von Johann Gottlieb Georgi. Mit einem Plan und einer Karte. St. Petersburg, 1790. XVI, [6], 340, [10] s.
20. Karatygin P.P. Chronicle of the Petersburg floods, 1703–1879. SPb., 1889. 87 p.
21. Mordukhai-Boltovskoy А.I. Levels of some Leningrad floods of the 18th and early 19th centuries // Izvestiya Gosudarstvennogo Gidrologicheskogo instituta. 1932. № 48. P. 14–35.
22. Svyatskiy D.О. Floods at the mouth of the Neva River from 1300 to 1932 // Sbornik rabot «Zaschita Leningrada ot nagonnyh navodneniy». [L.]: Lenoblispolkom Lensoveta, 1933. P. 268–291.
23. Grushevskiy М.S., Lazarenko N.N. The study of the Leningrad floods and their prediction // Trudy GOIN. Vyp. 41. L.: Gidrometeoizdat, 1957. P. 142–158.
24. Nezhihovsky R.А. Hydrological issues of the Neva River and Neva Bay. L., 1988. 224 p.
25. Pomeranetz К.S. Floods in Petersburg, 1703–1997. SPb., 1998. [1], 171 p.
26. Pomeranetz К.S. Floods / Article in Encyclopedia «Three centuries of Saint-Petersburg». Т.I. Kniga 2. SPb., 2001. P. 7–9.
27. Pomeranetz К.S. Addition and clarification of information about floods in St. Petersburg. SPb., 2004. Vyp. 27. S. 97–110.
28. Pomeranetz К.S. Тhree centuries of Neva floods. SPb., 2005. 216 p.
29. Pomeranetz К.S. Misfortunes of the Neva banks. From the history of the Neva floods. М., 2009. 432 p.
Review
For citations:
Malova T.I., Rodionov A.A. The catastrophic flood of the Neva, September 10 (21), 1777. So, in what feet it was measured…. Fundamental and Applied Hydrophysics. 2022;15(4):132–139. (In Russ.) https://doi.org/10.59887/fpg/ex7e-unv4-xd1r
Views:
242
Email this article 