Трансформация мезомасштабных океанических вихрей в филаменты: анализ данных альтиметрии

Спутниковые данные дистанционного зондирования предоставляют обширный массив оптических, инфракрасных (ИК) и радиолокационных изображений поверхности океана, на которых видны многочисленные вытянутые вихревые структуры — филаменты. Их высокая контрастность на изображениях обусловлена наличием поверхностно-активных пленок и/или скоплений водорослей. Из-за вытянутой формы филаменты трудно отличить от вихрей с помощью автоматизированных методов идентификации. Однако и филаменты, и вихри характеризуются высокой относительной завихренностью и кинетической энергией. Трансформация вихрей в филаменты обусловлена взаимодействием с неоднородными фоновыми течениями. В данном исследовании применяется теоретическая модель растяжения мезомасштабных океанических вихрей к реальным данным альтиметрии. Цель исследования — оценить долю мезомасштабных вихрей, претерпевающих растяжение и трансформирующихся в филаменты, что приводит к перераспределению энергии с мезомасштаба на субмезомасштаб. Оценивается глобальное пространственное распределение областей с неограниченным и ограниченным растяжением мезомасштабных вихрей и интерпретируются полученные результаты. Уменьшение энергии вихрей за счет растяжения, вызванного фоновым потоком, рассматривается как потенциальный механизм передачи энергии от вихря к потоку, что может проявляться в виде эффекта отрицательной вязкости.

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