Влияние обратной связи температура воды–фитопланктон на температуру верхнего слоя Индийского океана

В результате экспериментов с региональной климатической моделью системы Земли обнаружено, что в эксперименте, в котором ослабление света рассчитывается с учетом обратной связи между температурой воды и фитопланктоном, средняя температура поверхности моря ниже на большей части Индийского океана в тропиках по сравнению с эталонным экспериментом, в котором используется постоянный коэффициент ослабления света (равный 0.06 м^–1), типичный для глобальных расчетов с климатической моделью системы Земли. Установлено также, что наиболее сильные различия (более 1 °C) в температуре поверхности моря наблюдаются в летний период. В эксперименте с учетом указанной обратной связи отмечается также охлаждение приповерхностных слоев океана и смещение термоклина вверх. Последнее, а также сезонные изменения коэффициента ослабления света заметно приближают модельные результаты к данным наблюдений. Таким образом, включение полной обратной связи между температурой воды и фитопланктоном с соответствующим коэффициентом ослабления света в целом понижает температуру поверхности моря и температуру воды в подповерхностных слоях тропической части Индийского океана, что имеет серьезные последствия для взаимодействия океана и атмосферы и, следовательно, для моделирования регионального климата.

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