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<article article-type="research-article" dtd-version="1.3" xmlns:mml="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML" xmlns:xlink="http://www.w3.org/1999/xlink" xmlns:xsi="http://www.w3.org/2001/XMLSchema-instance" xml:lang="ru"><front><journal-meta><journal-id journal-id-type="publisher-id">hydrophysics</journal-id><journal-title-group><journal-title xml:lang="ru">Фундаментальная и прикладная гидрофизика</journal-title><trans-title-group xml:lang="en"><trans-title>Fundamental and Applied Hydrophysics</trans-title></trans-title-group></journal-title-group><issn pub-type="ppub">2073-6673</issn><issn pub-type="epub">2782-5221</issn><publisher><publisher-name>St. Petersburg Research Center of the Russian Academy of Sciences</publisher-name></publisher></journal-meta><article-meta><article-id pub-id-type="doi">10.7868/S2073667320020021</article-id><article-id custom-type="elpub" pub-id-type="custom">hydrophysics-97</article-id><article-categories><subj-group subj-group-type="heading"><subject>Research Article</subject></subj-group><subj-group subj-group-type="section-heading" xml:lang="ru"><subject>ГИДРООПТИКА</subject></subj-group><subj-group subj-group-type="section-heading" xml:lang="en"><subject>HYDROOPTICS</subject></subj-group></article-categories><title-group><article-title>Межгодовые изменения биооптических характеристик поверхностного слоя морей, окружающих западную часть России, по данным спутниковых сканеров цвета</article-title><trans-title-group xml:lang="en"><trans-title>Interannual changes of the bio-optical characteristics in the surface layer of the seas surrounding the western part of Russia from data of satellite ocean color scanners</trans-title></trans-title-group></title-group><contrib-group><contrib contrib-type="author" corresp="yes"><name-alternatives><name name-style="eastern" xml:lang="ru"><surname>Копелевич</surname><given-names>О. В.</given-names></name><name name-style="western" xml:lang="en"><surname>Kopelevich</surname><given-names>O. V.</given-names></name></name-alternatives><bio xml:lang="ru"><p>117997, Нахимовский пр., д. 36, г. Москва</p></bio><bio xml:lang="en"><p>117997, Nahimovsky Prospekt, 36, Moscow</p></bio><email xlink:type="simple">oleg@ocean.ru</email><xref ref-type="aff" rid="aff-1"/></contrib><contrib contrib-type="author" corresp="yes"><name-alternatives><name name-style="eastern" xml:lang="ru"><surname>Салинг</surname><given-names>И. В.</given-names></name><name name-style="western" xml:lang="en"><surname>Sahling</surname><given-names>I. V.</given-names></name></name-alternatives><bio xml:lang="ru"><p>117997, Нахимовский пр., д. 36, г. Москва</p></bio><bio xml:lang="en"><p>117997, Nahimovsky Prospekt, 36, Moscow</p></bio><xref ref-type="aff" rid="aff-1"/></contrib></contrib-group><aff-alternatives id="aff-1"><aff xml:lang="ru"><institution>Институт океанологии им. П.П. Ширшова РАН</institution><country>Россия</country></aff><aff xml:lang="en"><institution>Shirshov Institute of Oceanology RAS</institution><country>Russian Federation</country></aff></aff-alternatives><pub-date pub-type="collection"><year>2020</year></pub-date><pub-date pub-type="epub"><day>01</day><month>12</month><year>2021</year></pub-date><volume>13</volume><issue>2</issue><fpage>16</fpage><lpage>24</lpage><permissions><copyright-statement>Copyright &amp;#x00A9; Копелевич О.В., Салинг И.В., 2021</copyright-statement><copyright-year>2021</copyright-year><copyright-holder xml:lang="ru">Копелевич О.В., Салинг И.В.</copyright-holder><copyright-holder xml:lang="en">Kopelevich O.V., Sahling I.V.</copyright-holder><license xml:lang="ru" license-type="creative-commons-attribution" xlink:href="https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/" xlink:type="simple"><license-p>Данная работа распространяется под лицензией Creative Commons Attribution 4.0.</license-p></license><license xml:lang="en" license-type="creative-commons-attribution" xlink:href="https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/" xlink:type="simple"><license-p>This work is licensed under a Creative Commons Attribution 4.0 License.</license-p></license></permissions><self-uri xlink:href="https://hydrophysics.spbrc.ru/jour/article/view/97">https://hydrophysics.spbrc.ru/jour/article/view/97</self-uri><abstract><p>Представлены результаты анализа межгодовых изменений среднемесячных значений биооптических характеристик поверхностного слоя вод Баренцева, Карского, Белого, Балтийского, Черного и Каспийского морей за период 1998–2018 годы, рассчитанных по данным спутниковых сканеров цвета.В качестве основных рассматриваются концентрация хлорофилла и показатель рассеяния назад взвешенными частицами, характеризующие изменчивость содержания фитопланктона и взвешенного вещества; привлекаются и другие характеристики, в частности, показатель поглощения окрашенного органического вещества как индикатор речного стока, также параметры, характеризующие цветения массовых видов фитопланктона, таких как кокколитофоридные цветения в Баренцевом и Черном морях, сине-зеленых водорослей в Балтийском. Большинство биооптических характеристик рассчитаны с помощью региональных алгоритмов, выведенных на основе данных натурных измерений, выполненных в исследуемых морях и учитывающих региональные особенности этих морей. В качестве параметра, характеризующего климатические изменения, приведены среднемесячные значения температуры поверхности моря по данным спутникового сканера MODIS-Aqua.Статья содержит два основных раздела: в первом представлены данные об изменениях, происшедших в вышеуказанных морях в 2016–2018 гг., в сравнении с наблюдавшимися экстремальными значениями биоптических характеристик; во втором разделе дана систематизация и анализ экстремальных изменений характеристик за весь период наблюдений. Выполненный анализ показал, что в последние годы происходят значительные изменения, связанные в большинстве случаев с цветениями фитопланктона. Рекордный размах межгодовых изменений зарегистрирован в южной части Каспийского моря в июле 2001 г. после вселения гребневика Mnemiopsis — концентрация хлорофилла выросла более чем на порядок. Другой фактор, обусловливающий рекордную изменчивость биооптических характеристик, — речной сток.Полученные результаты впервые дали количественные представления о происшедших изменениях биооптических характеристик в период 1998–2018 гг. в шести морях, различных по своим природным условиям, и создали основу для дальнейшего анализа, направленного на выявление процессов и факторов, обусловивших эти изменения.</p></abstract><trans-abstract xml:lang="en"><p>The article presents the results of an analysis of inter-annual changes in the monthly means of bio-optical characteristics in the surface layer of the Barents, Kara, White, Baltic, Black and Caspian Seas for the period 1998–2018, calculated from data satellite color scanners. As the main parameters, the chlorophyll-a concentration, Chl and particle backscattering coefficient, bbp = bbp(555), characterizing the variability of phytoplankton and suspended matter, are discussed. The other characteristics, such as the absorption coefficient of colored organic substance ag = ag(440) as an indicator of river runoff, the parameters that characterize the phytoplankton bloom (coccolithophore blooms in the Barents and Black Seas, of blue-green algae in the Baltic Sea) are also considered. The monthly means of sea surface temperature, SST by MODIS-Aqua data are presented as a parameter characterizing climate change. Most of the bio-optical characteristics were calculated using regional algorithms, derived from field measurements carried out in the considered seas and reflecting their regional features.The presented data revealed significant changes in bio-optical characteristics that occurred in the considered seas in 2016–2018, in most cases they were associated with phytoplankton blooms. Systematization and analysis of extreme changes in bio-optical characteristics over the entire observation period found a record change in the southern part of the Caspian Sea in July 2001 after the invasion of the ctenophore Mnemiopsis — the chlorophyll concentration increased by more than an order. Another factor contributing to the record variability of bio-optical characteristics is river runoff.The obtained results provided quantitative data on changes in bio-optical characteristics in the period 1998–2018 for six seas, different in their natural conditions, and provided the basis for further analysis aimed at identifying the processes and factors that caused these changes.</p></trans-abstract><kwd-group xml:lang="ru"><kwd>биооптические характеристики</kwd><kwd>межгодовые изменения</kwd><kwd>Баренцево</kwd><kwd>Карское</kwd><kwd>Белое</kwd><kwd>Балтийское</kwd><kwd>Черное</kwd><kwd>Каспийское моря</kwd><kwd>спутниковые данные</kwd></kwd-group><kwd-group xml:lang="en"><kwd>bio-optical characteristics</kwd><kwd>inter-annual changes</kwd><kwd>Barents</kwd><kwd>Kara</kwd><kwd>White</kwd><kwd>Baltic</kwd><kwd>Black</kwd><kwd>Caspian Seas</kwd><kwd>satellite data</kwd></kwd-group><funding-group><funding-statement xml:lang="en">This research was performed in the framework of the state assignment (theme No. 0149–2019–0003).</funding-statement></funding-group></article-meta></front><back><ref-list><title>References</title><ref id="cit1"><label>1</label><citation-alternatives><mixed-citation xml:lang="ru">Копелевич О.В., Салинг И.В., Вазюля С.В., Глуховец Д.И., Шеберстов С.В., Буренков В.И., Каралли П.Г., Юшманова А.В. 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