<?xml version="1.0" encoding="UTF-8"?>
<!DOCTYPE article PUBLIC "-//NLM//DTD JATS (Z39.96) Journal Publishing DTD v1.3 20210610//EN" "JATS-journalpublishing1-3.dtd">
<article article-type="research-article" dtd-version="1.3" xmlns:mml="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML" xmlns:xlink="http://www.w3.org/1999/xlink" xmlns:xsi="http://www.w3.org/2001/XMLSchema-instance" xml:lang="ru"><front><journal-meta><journal-id journal-id-type="publisher-id">hydrophysics</journal-id><journal-title-group><journal-title xml:lang="ru">Фундаментальная и прикладная гидрофизика</journal-title><trans-title-group xml:lang="en"><trans-title>Fundamental and Applied Hydrophysics</trans-title></trans-title-group></journal-title-group><issn pub-type="ppub">2073-6673</issn><issn pub-type="epub">2782-5221</issn><publisher><publisher-name>St. Petersburg Research Center of the Russian Academy of Sciences</publisher-name></publisher></journal-meta><article-meta><article-id custom-type="elpub" pub-id-type="custom">hydrophysics-877</article-id><article-categories><subj-group subj-group-type="heading"><subject>Research Article</subject></subj-group><subj-group subj-group-type="section-heading" xml:lang="ru"><subject>ГИДРОФИЗИЧЕСКИЕ И БИОГЕОХИМИЧЕСКИЕ ПОЛЯ И ПРОЦЕССЫ</subject></subj-group><subj-group subj-group-type="section-heading" xml:lang="en"><subject>HYDROPHYSICAL AND BIOGEOCHEMICAL FIELDS AND PROCESSES</subject></subj-group></article-categories><title-group><article-title>Сравнение пространственных распределений диссипации бароклинной приливной энергии и коэффициента диапикнической диффузии в Баренцевом и Карском морях в целях изучения приливных изменений региональных климатов морских систем</article-title><trans-title-group xml:lang="en"><trans-title>A comparison of the spatial distributions of baroclinic tidal energy dissipation and diapycnal diffusivity in the Barents and Kara Seas in an effort to estimate tidal changes in regional climates of marine systems</trans-title></trans-title-group></title-group><contrib-group><contrib contrib-type="author" corresp="yes"><name-alternatives><name name-style="eastern" xml:lang="ru"><surname>Каган</surname><given-names>Б. А.</given-names></name><name name-style="western" xml:lang="en"><surname>Kagan</surname><given-names>B. А.</given-names></name></name-alternatives><xref ref-type="aff" rid="aff-1"/></contrib><contrib contrib-type="author" corresp="yes"><name-alternatives><name name-style="eastern" xml:lang="ru"><surname>Софьина</surname><given-names>Е. В.</given-names></name><name name-style="western" xml:lang="en"><surname>Sofina</surname><given-names>E. V.</given-names></name></name-alternatives><xref ref-type="aff" rid="aff-2"/></contrib><contrib contrib-type="author" corresp="yes"><name-alternatives><name name-style="eastern" xml:lang="ru"><surname>Тимофеев</surname><given-names>А. А.</given-names></name><name name-style="western" xml:lang="en"><surname>Timofeev</surname><given-names>A. A.</given-names></name></name-alternatives><xref ref-type="aff" rid="aff-1"/></contrib></contrib-group><aff xml:lang="ru" id="aff-1"><institution>Санкт-Петербургский филиал Института океанологии им. П. П. Ширшова РАН</institution><country>Russian Federation</country></aff><aff xml:lang="ru" id="aff-2"><institution>Санкт-Петербургский филиал Института океанологии им. П. П. Ширшова РАН; Российский государственный гидрометеорологический университет</institution><country>Russian Federation</country></aff><pub-date pub-type="collection"><year>2017</year></pub-date><pub-date pub-type="epub"><day>20</day><month>11</month><year>2022</year></pub-date><volume>10</volume><issue>2</issue><fpage>5</fpage><lpage>12</lpage><permissions><copyright-statement>Copyright &amp;#x00A9; Каган Б.А., Софьина Е.В., Тимофеев А.А., 2022</copyright-statement><copyright-year>2022</copyright-year><copyright-holder xml:lang="ru">Каган Б.А., Софьина Е.В., Тимофеев А.А.</copyright-holder><copyright-holder xml:lang="en">Kagan B.А., Sofina E.V., Timofeev A.A.</copyright-holder><license xml:lang="ru" license-type="creative-commons-attribution" xlink:href="https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/" xlink:type="simple"><license-p>Данная работа распространяется под лицензией Creative Commons Attribution 4.0.</license-p></license><license xml:lang="en" license-type="creative-commons-attribution" xlink:href="https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/" xlink:type="simple"><license-p>This work is licensed under a Creative Commons Attribution 4.0 License.</license-p></license></permissions><self-uri xlink:href="https://hydrophysics.spbrc.ru/jour/article/view/877">https://hydrophysics.spbrc.ru/jour/article/view/877</self-uri><abstract><p>Решение уравнений трехмерной конечно-элементной гидростатической модели QUODDY-4 показывает, что поля средней (за приливный цикл) интегральной по глубине диссипации бароклинной приливной энергии и среднего по глубине коэффициента диапикнической диффузии отличаются в Баренцевом и Карском морях как качественно, так и количественно. Действительно, если в Баренцевом море интегральная диссипация бароклинной приливной энергии максимальна в южных районах и минимальна к западу от о-вов Новая Земля, то в Карском море максимальные значения диссипации приходятся на Центральное плато, а также на Байдарацкую, Обскую и Гыданскую губы и Енисейский залив, а минимальные — на дискретные пятна, разбросанные нерегулярным образом в основном в северо-восточной части моря. Поля среднего по глубине коэффициента диапикнической диффузии в Баренцевом и Карском морях в общем напоминают пространственное распределение диссипации, причем его значения в Карском море меньше, нежели в Баренцевом, почти на порядок величины. Это объясняется не столько ослаблением диссипации в Карском море, сколько усилением в нем стратификации. В среднем по площади моря его значения равны 5.0×10−4 м2/c в Баренцевом море и 0.1×10−4 м2/c во внеустьевой части Карского. Используя теперь приближение «слабого взаимодействия» и сравнивая коэффициент диапикнической диффузии с коэффициентом вертикальной турбулентной диффузии, найденным без учета приливного форсинга, убеждаемся, что влияние диапикнической диффузии должно заметно сказываться на климате Баренцева моря и практически не ощущаться в Карском.</p></abstract><trans-abstract xml:lang="en"><p>A solution of equations of the 3D finite-element hydrostatic model QUODDY-4 shows that the fields of the averaged (over a tidal cycle) depth-integrated baroclinic tidal energy dissipation and the depth-averaged diapycnal diffusivity will differ in the Barents and Kara Seas both qualitatively and quantitatively. So, if in the Barents Sea the above distributions are a maximum in the southern regions and a minimum to the west from the Novaya Zemlya islands, then in the Kara Sea maximum values fall on the Central plato and also on Baydaratskii, Obskii, Gydanskii and Eniseyskii bays, whereas minimum values are detected in discrete spots, scattered basically in the north-eastern part of the sea only. The fields of the diapycnal diffusivity in these seas bear a general resemblance to those for dissipation, their values in the Kara Sea being an order of magnitude less than in the Barents Sea. This fact is explained by an increase in the buoyancy frequency squared in the Kara Sea as compared with the Barents Sea. Then, allowing for the approximation of «weak interaction» and comparing values of vertical eddy diffusivities, found without considering tidal forcing, and the diapycnal diffusivities, we ensure that the influence of tidally induced diapycnal diffusion must affect the climate of the Barents Sea and must not be essentially pronounced in the near-estuary regions of the Kara Sea.</p></trans-abstract><kwd-group xml:lang="ru"><kwd>климат морских систем</kwd><kwd>диссипация бароклинной приливной энергии</kwd><kwd>коэффициент диапикнической диффузии</kwd><kwd>модель QUODDY-4</kwd><kwd>Баренцево и Карское моря</kwd></kwd-group><kwd-group xml:lang="en"><kwd>marine system climates</kwd><kwd>baroclinic tidal energy dissipation</kwd><kwd>diapycnal diffusivity</kwd><kwd>model QUODDY-4</kwd><kwd>Barents and Kara Seas</kwd></kwd-group><funding-group><funding-statement xml:lang="ru">Работа выполнена при финансовой поддержке Российского фонда фундаментальных исследований (грант 17-05-00263а).</funding-statement><funding-statement xml:lang="en">Работа выполнена при финансовой поддержке Российского фонда фундаментальных исследований (грант 17-05-00263а).</funding-statement></funding-group></article-meta></front><back><ref-list><title>References</title><ref id="cit1"><label>1</label><citation-alternatives><mixed-citation xml:lang="ru">Kagan B. A., Sofina E. V. Surface and internal semidiurnal tides and tidally induced diapycnal diffusion in the Barents Sea: a numerical study // Cont. Shelf Res. 2014. V. 91. P. 158—170. doi: 10.1016/j.csr.2014.09.010.</mixed-citation><mixed-citation xml:lang="en">Kagan B. A., Sofina E. V. Surface and internal semidiurnal tides and tidally induced diapycnal diffusion in the Barents Sea: a numerical study. Cont. Shelf Res. 2014, 91, 158—170. doi: 10.1016/j.csr.2014.09.010.</mixed-citation></citation-alternatives></ref><ref id="cit2"><label>2</label><citation-alternatives><mixed-citation xml:lang="ru">Каган Б. А., Тимофеев А. А. Моделирование поверхностного и внутреннего полусуточных приливов в Карском море // Изв. РАН: Физика атмосферы и океана. 2017. T. 53, № 2. C. 265–275. doi: 10.7868/S0002351517020055.</mixed-citation><mixed-citation xml:lang="en">Kagan B. A., Timofeev A. A. Modeling of the surface and internal semidiurnal tides in the Kara Sea. Izvestiya, Atmospheric and Oceanic Physics. 2017, 53, 2. doi: 10.7868/S0002351517020055.</mixed-citation></citation-alternatives></ref><ref id="cit3"><label>3</label><citation-alternatives><mixed-citation xml:lang="ru">Gjevik B., Straume T. Model simulation of the M2 and K1 tides in the Nordic Seas and the Arctic Ocean // Tellus. 1989. V. 41A, № 7. P. 73—96.</mixed-citation><mixed-citation xml:lang="en">Gjevik B., Straume T. Model simulation of the M2 and K1 tides in the Nordic Seas and the Arctic Ocean. Tellus. 1989, 41A, 7, 73—96.</mixed-citation></citation-alternatives></ref><ref id="cit4"><label>4</label><citation-alternatives><mixed-citation xml:lang="ru">Ip J.T.C., Lynch D. R. QUODDY-3 User’s Manual: Comprehensive coastal circulation simulation using finite elements. Nonlinear prognostic time-stepping model. Thayler School of Engineering. Dartmouth College. Report Number NML 95-1. Hanover. New Hampshire, 1995. 45 p.</mixed-citation><mixed-citation xml:lang="en">Ip J.T.C., Lynch D. R. QUODDY-3 User’s Manual: Comprehensive coastal circulation simulation using finite elements. Nonlinear prognostic time-stepping model. Thayler School of Engineering. Dartmouth College. Report Number NML 95-1. Hanover, New Hampshire, 1995. 45 p.</mixed-citation></citation-alternatives></ref><ref id="cit5"><label>5</label><citation-alternatives><mixed-citation xml:lang="ru">Lynch D. R., Gray W. G. A wave equation model for finite element tidal computations // Computers and Fluids. 1979. V. 7, № 3. P. 207—228.</mixed-citation><mixed-citation xml:lang="en">Lynch D. R., Gray W. G. A wave equation model for finite element tidal computations. Computers and Fluids. 1979, 7, 3, 207—228.</mixed-citation></citation-alternatives></ref><ref id="cit6"><label>6</label><citation-alternatives><mixed-citation xml:lang="ru">Padman L., Erofeeva S. A barotropic inverse tidal model for the Arctic Ocean // Geophys. Res. Let. 2004. V. 31, № 2. doi: 10.1029/2003GL019003.</mixed-citation><mixed-citation xml:lang="en">Padman L., Erofeeva S. A barotropic inverse tidal model for the Arctic Ocean. Geophys. Res. Let. 2004, 31, 2. doi: 10.1029/2003GL019003.</mixed-citation></citation-alternatives></ref><ref id="cit7"><label>7</label><citation-alternatives><mixed-citation xml:lang="ru">Tanis E., Timokhov L. (eds.) Joint US-Russian Atlas of the Arctic Ocean, Oceanography Atlas for the Summer Period. Environmental Working Group, University of Colorado, Media Digital, 1998.</mixed-citation><mixed-citation xml:lang="en">Tanis E., Timokhov L. (eds.) Joint US-Russian Atlas of the Arctic Ocean, Oceanography Atlas for the Summer Period. Environmental Working Group, University of Colorado, Media Digital, 1998.</mixed-citation></citation-alternatives></ref><ref id="cit8"><label>8</label><citation-alternatives><mixed-citation xml:lang="ru">Smagorinsky J. General circulation experiments with the primitive equations // Month. Weather Rev. 1963. V. 91, № 3. P. 99—164.</mixed-citation><mixed-citation xml:lang="en">Smagorinsky J. General circulation experiments with the primitive equations. Month. Weather Rev. 1963, 91, 3, 99—164.</mixed-citation></citation-alternatives></ref><ref id="cit9"><label>9</label><citation-alternatives><mixed-citation xml:lang="ru">Mellor G. L., Yamada T. Development of a turbulence closure model for geophysical fluid problems // Rev. Geophys. Space Phys. 1982. V. 20, № 4. P. 854—875.</mixed-citation><mixed-citation xml:lang="en">Mellor G. L., Yamada T. Development of a turbulence closure model for geophysical fluid problems. Rev. Geophys. Space Phys. 1982, 20, 4, 854—875.</mixed-citation></citation-alternatives></ref><ref id="cit10"><label>10</label><citation-alternatives><mixed-citation xml:lang="ru">Osborn T. R. Estimates of the local rate of vertical diffusion from dissipation measurements // J. Phys. Oceanogr. 1980. V. 10, № 1. P. 83—89.</mixed-citation><mixed-citation xml:lang="en">Osborn T. R. Estimates of the local rate of vertical diffusion from dissipation measurements. J. Phys. Oceanogr. 1980, 10, 1, 83—89.</mixed-citation></citation-alternatives></ref><ref id="cit11"><label>11</label><citation-alternatives><mixed-citation xml:lang="ru">Oakey N. S. Determination of the Rate of Dissipation of Turbulent Energy from Simultaneous Temperature and Velocity Shear Microstructure Measurements // J. Phys. Oceanogr. 1982. V. 12, № 3. P. 256—271.</mixed-citation><mixed-citation xml:lang="en">Oakey N. S. Determination of the Rate of Dissipation of Turbulent Energy from Simultaneous Temperature and Velocity Shear Microstructure Measurements. J. Phys. Oceanogr. 1982, 12, 3, 256—271.</mixed-citation></citation-alternatives></ref><ref id="cit12"><label>12</label><citation-alternatives><mixed-citation xml:lang="ru">Peters H., Bokhorst R. Microstructure Observations of Turbulent Mixing in a Partially Mixed Estuary. Part II: Salt Flux and Stress // J. Phys. Oceanogr. 2001. V. 31, № 4. P. 1105—1119.</mixed-citation><mixed-citation xml:lang="en">Peters H., Bokhorst R. Microstructure Observations of Turbulent Mixing in a Partially Mixed Estuary. Part II: Salt Flux and Stress. J. Phys. Oceanogr. 2001, 31, 4, 1105—1119.</mixed-citation></citation-alternatives></ref><ref id="cit13"><label>13</label><citation-alternatives><mixed-citation xml:lang="ru">Заславский Г. М., Сагдеев Р. З. Введение в нелинейную физику. М.: Наука, 1988. 368 с.</mixed-citation><mixed-citation xml:lang="en">Zaslavsky G. M., Sagdeev R. Z. Introduction to nonlinear physics. М., Nauka, 1988. 368 p. (in Russian).</mixed-citation></citation-alternatives></ref><ref id="cit14"><label>14</label><citation-alternatives><mixed-citation xml:lang="ru">Каган Б. А., Софьина Е. В. Способ учета приливных изменений региональных климатов водоемов на примере безледного Баренцева моря // Океанология. 2017. Т. 57, № 2. C. 275–283. doi: 10.7868/S0030157416060046.</mixed-citation><mixed-citation xml:lang="en">Kagan B. A., Sofina E. V. A Method to Account for Tidal Changes in Regional Climates of a Water Basin under Conditions of an Ice-Free Barents Sea. Oceanology. 2017, 57, 2. doi: 10.7868/S0030157416060046.</mixed-citation></citation-alternatives></ref></ref-list><fn-group><fn fn-type="conflict"><p>The authors declare that there are no conflicts of interest present.</p></fn></fn-group></back></article>
