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<article article-type="research-article" dtd-version="1.3" xmlns:mml="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML" xmlns:xlink="http://www.w3.org/1999/xlink" xmlns:xsi="http://www.w3.org/2001/XMLSchema-instance" xml:lang="ru"><front><journal-meta><journal-id journal-id-type="publisher-id">hydrophysics</journal-id><journal-title-group><journal-title xml:lang="ru">Фундаментальная и прикладная гидрофизика</journal-title><trans-title-group xml:lang="en"><trans-title>Fundamental and Applied Hydrophysics</trans-title></trans-title-group></journal-title-group><issn pub-type="ppub">2073-6673</issn><issn pub-type="epub">2782-5221</issn><publisher><publisher-name>St. Petersburg Research Center of the Russian Academy of Sciences</publisher-name></publisher></journal-meta><article-meta><article-id custom-type="elpub" pub-id-type="custom">hydrophysics-868</article-id><article-categories><subj-group subj-group-type="heading"><subject>Research Article</subject></subj-group><subj-group subj-group-type="section-heading" xml:lang="ru"><subject>ГИДРОФИЗИЧЕСКИЕ И БИОГЕОХИМИЧЕСКИЕ ПОЛЯ И ПРОЦЕССЫ</subject></subj-group><subj-group subj-group-type="section-heading" xml:lang="en"><subject>HYDROPHYSICAL AND BIOGEOCHEMICAL FIELDS AND PROCESSES</subject></subj-group></article-categories><title-group><article-title>Внутренние приливы и течения в Гибралтарском и Баб-эль-Мандебском проливах</article-title><trans-title-group xml:lang="en"><trans-title>Internal Tides and Currents in the Gibraltar and Bab-el-Mandeb Straits</trans-title></trans-title-group></title-group><contrib-group><contrib contrib-type="author" corresp="yes"><name-alternatives><name name-style="eastern" xml:lang="ru"><surname>Морозов</surname><given-names>Е. Г.</given-names></name><name name-style="western" xml:lang="en"><surname>Morozov</surname><given-names>E. G.</given-names></name></name-alternatives><bio xml:lang="en"><p>Moscow</p></bio><email xlink:type="simple">egmorozov@mail.ru</email><xref ref-type="aff" rid="aff-1"/></contrib></contrib-group><aff-alternatives id="aff-1"><aff xml:lang="ru"><institution>Институт океанологии им. П. П. Ширшова РАН</institution><country>Россия</country></aff><aff xml:lang="en"><institution>P. P. Shirshov Institute of Oceanology of RAS</institution><country>Russian Federation</country></aff></aff-alternatives><pub-date pub-type="collection"><year>2015</year></pub-date><pub-date pub-type="epub"><day>19</day><month>11</month><year>2022</year></pub-date><volume>8</volume><issue>3</issue><fpage>80</fpage><lpage>84</lpage><permissions><copyright-statement>Copyright &amp;#x00A9; Морозов Е.Г., 2022</copyright-statement><copyright-year>2022</copyright-year><copyright-holder xml:lang="ru">Морозов Е.Г.</copyright-holder><copyright-holder xml:lang="en">Morozov E.G.</copyright-holder><license xml:lang="ru" license-type="creative-commons-attribution" xlink:href="https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/" xlink:type="simple"><license-p>Данная работа распространяется под лицензией Creative Commons Attribution 4.0.</license-p></license><license xml:lang="en" license-type="creative-commons-attribution" xlink:href="https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/" xlink:type="simple"><license-p>This work is licensed under a Creative Commons Attribution 4.0 License.</license-p></license></permissions><self-uri xlink:href="https://hydrophysics.spbrc.ru/jour/article/view/868">https://hydrophysics.spbrc.ru/jour/article/view/868</self-uri><abstract><p>Сравниваются измерения течений и температуры на буях в Гибралтарском и Баб-эльМандебском проливах. В обоих проливах вертикальные смещения, вызванные полусуточными внутренними волнами, исключительно велики и в значительной степени подобны. Оба пролива характеризуются сильными двухслойными постоянными течениями противоположных направлений. Гидрологические режимы Гибралтарского и Баб-эль-Мандебского проливов весьма схожи. Каждый пролив соединяет внутреннее море с океаном. В обоих морях происходит сильное испарение, и оба моря получают мало пресной воды за счет стока рек. Испарение компенсируется притоком воды из океанов. За счет испарения в морях более соленая и плотная вода опускается в глубоководную часть и затем встречным течением вытекает через проливы в океан. На эту систему течений накладывается волна баротропного прилива, который генерирует внутреннюю приливную волну при обтекании течениями седловин поперечных хребтов в проливах. Внутренние приливы вблизи поперечных хребтов в проливах характеризуются амплитудами вертикальных смещений до 160—200 м. Внутренние приливы распространяются в обе стороны от хребтов, резко теряя свою энергию. Внутренний прилив возникает на фоне двухслойного течения, что усиливает амплитуду внутренних волн. Амплитуды внутренних приливов, распространяющихся против среднего потока усиливаются за счет сокращения длины волны. </p></abstract><trans-abstract xml:lang="en"><p>We compare moored measurements of currents and temperature in the Gibraltar and Bab-el-Mandeb straits. In both straits the vertical displacements caused by semidiurnal internal waves are extremely high. Both straits are characterized by permanent strong two-layer currents of opposing directions. The hydrological regimes of the Gibraltar and Bab-el-Mandeb straits are very similar. Each strait connects an inland sea with the ocean. Strong evaporation exists in both seas and the runoff of fresh water by rivers is small in both seas. Evaporation is compensated by the surface flow of water from the ocean. Due to evaporation in the seas the saltier and dense water descends to the deep layers of the seas and then flows to the ocean as a bottom current of the opposite direction to the surface flow. A barotropic tidal wave is superimposed on this current system and generates a tidal internal wave during the flow of the currents over the sills in the straits. Internal tides near the sills are characterized by the amplitudes of vertical displacements that reach 160—200 m. Internal tides propagate to both sides of the sills rapidly losing their energy. Internal tide is generated over the background of two-layer shear current, which intensifies the amplitude of internal waves. The amplitudes of internal tides propagating opposite to the mean flow intensify due to the decrease in the wave length. </p></trans-abstract><kwd-group xml:lang="ru"><kwd>внутренний прилив</kwd><kwd>течения</kwd><kwd>разнонаправленные потоки</kwd></kwd-group><kwd-group xml:lang="en"><kwd>internal tide</kwd><kwd>currents</kwd><kwd>oppositely directed flows</kwd></kwd-group></article-meta></front><back><ref-list><title>References</title><ref id="cit1"><label>1</label><citation-alternatives><mixed-citation xml:lang="ru">Bower A. S., Hunt H. D., Price J. F. Character and dynamics of the Red Sea and Persian Gulf outflows // J. Geophys. Res. 2000. V. 105, N. C3. P. 6387—6414.</mixed-citation><mixed-citation xml:lang="en">Bower A. S., Hunt H. D., Price J. F. Character and dynamics of the Red Sea and Persian Gulf outflows. J. Geophys. 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