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<article article-type="research-article" dtd-version="1.3" xmlns:mml="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML" xmlns:xlink="http://www.w3.org/1999/xlink" xmlns:xsi="http://www.w3.org/2001/XMLSchema-instance" xml:lang="ru"><front><journal-meta><journal-id journal-id-type="publisher-id">hydrophysics</journal-id><journal-title-group><journal-title xml:lang="ru">Фундаментальная и прикладная гидрофизика</journal-title><trans-title-group xml:lang="en"><trans-title>Fundamental and Applied Hydrophysics</trans-title></trans-title-group></journal-title-group><issn pub-type="ppub">2073-6673</issn><issn pub-type="epub">2782-5221</issn><publisher><publisher-name>St. Petersburg Research Center of the Russian Academy of Sciences</publisher-name></publisher></journal-meta><article-meta><article-id custom-type="elpub" pub-id-type="custom">hydrophysics-816</article-id><article-categories><subj-group subj-group-type="heading"><subject>Research Article</subject></subj-group><subj-group subj-group-type="section-heading" xml:lang="ru"><subject>ТЕХНИЧЕСКАЯ ГИДРОФИЗИКА</subject></subj-group><subj-group subj-group-type="section-heading" xml:lang="en"><subject>TECHNICAL HYDROPHYSICS</subject></subj-group></article-categories><title-group><article-title>Оптимальное конструирование приборов для измерения показателя рассеяния воды: теоретические основы</article-title><trans-title-group xml:lang="en"><trans-title>Optimal Designing of Instruments for Determination of the Water Scattering Coefficient: the Theoretical Background</trans-title></trans-title-group></title-group><contrib-group><contrib contrib-type="author" corresp="yes"><name-alternatives><name name-style="eastern" xml:lang="ru"><surname>Долин</surname><given-names>Л. С.</given-names></name><name name-style="western" xml:lang="en"><surname>Dolin</surname><given-names>L. S.</given-names></name></name-alternatives><bio xml:lang="ru"><p>Н. Новгород</p></bio><bio xml:lang="en"><p>N. Novgorod</p></bio><email xlink:type="simple">lev.dolin@hydro.appl.sci-nnov.ru</email><xref ref-type="aff" rid="aff-1"/></contrib><contrib contrib-type="author" corresp="yes"><name-alternatives><name name-style="eastern" xml:lang="ru"><surname>Левин</surname><given-names>И. М.</given-names></name><name name-style="western" xml:lang="en"><surname>Levin</surname><given-names>I. M.</given-names></name></name-alternatives><bio xml:lang="ru"><p>Н. Новгород</p></bio><bio xml:lang="en"><p>N. Novgorod</p></bio><xref ref-type="aff" rid="aff-1"/></contrib></contrib-group><aff-alternatives id="aff-1"><aff xml:lang="ru"><institution>Институт прикладной физики РАН</institution><country>Россия</country></aff><aff xml:lang="en"><institution>Institute of Applied Physics</institution><country>Russian Federation</country></aff></aff-alternatives><pub-date pub-type="collection"><year>2016</year></pub-date><pub-date pub-type="epub"><day>17</day><month>11</month><year>2022</year></pub-date><volume>9</volume><issue>1</issue><fpage>83</fpage><lpage>92</lpage><permissions><copyright-statement>Copyright &amp;#x00A9; Долин Л.С., Левин И.М., 2022</copyright-statement><copyright-year>2022</copyright-year><copyright-holder xml:lang="ru">Долин Л.С., Левин И.М.</copyright-holder><copyright-holder xml:lang="en">Dolin L.S., Levin I.M.</copyright-holder><license xml:lang="ru" license-type="creative-commons-attribution" xlink:href="https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/" xlink:type="simple"><license-p>Данная работа распространяется под лицензией Creative Commons Attribution 4.0.</license-p></license><license xml:lang="en" license-type="creative-commons-attribution" xlink:href="https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/" xlink:type="simple"><license-p>This work is licensed under a Creative Commons Attribution 4.0 License.</license-p></license></permissions><self-uri xlink:href="https://hydrophysics.spbrc.ru/jour/article/view/816">https://hydrophysics.spbrc.ru/jour/article/view/816</self-uri><abstract><p>Излагаются теоретические основы метода определения полного показателя рассеяния воды (b), основанного на измерении характеристик поля излучения широкоугольного источника света. Анализируются три варианта прибора, каждый из которых включает в себя два фотоприемника. Приемники прибора типа 1 измеряют полную облученность (прямым и рассеянным светом) и облученность прямым светом, тогда как приемники прибора типа 2 измеряют полную облученность и облученность рассеянным светом, а приемники прибора типа 3 — облученности прямым и рассеянным светом. Предлагаются оптимальные принципиальные схемы измерителей показателя рассеяния для прибрежной и чистой морских вод. Указан способ нахождения параметров источника и приемников для минимизации погрешностей измерения b.</p></abstract><trans-abstract xml:lang="en"><p>A theoretical background for the methods of determination of the total scattering coefficient (b) by measurement of the light field of a wide-angle point source is given. The three versions of the instrument design, each of them including two sensors, are analyzed. The sensors of version 1 measure the total (direct and scattered) and nonscattered irradiances, while the sensors of version 2 measure the total and scattered irradiances, and those of version 3 measure the nonscattered and scattered irradiances. The optimal conceptual versions of the b-meter designing method for coastal and pure seawaters are suggested. It is shown how to find the parameters of light source and receiver to ensure the minimal errors of the b-measurement.</p></trans-abstract><kwd-group xml:lang="ru"><kwd>вода</kwd><kwd>свет</kwd><kwd>показатель рассеяния</kwd><kwd>измерение</kwd><kwd>прибор</kwd><kwd>проектирование</kwd></kwd-group><kwd-group xml:lang="en"><kwd>water</kwd><kwd>light</kwd><kwd>scattering coefficient</kwd><kwd>measurement</kwd><kwd>instrument</kwd><kwd>design</kwd></kwd-group></article-meta></front><back><ref-list><title>References</title><ref id="cit1"><label>1</label><citation-alternatives><mixed-citation xml:lang="ru">Dolin L. S., Levin I. M. 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