hydrophysicsФундаментальная и прикладная гидрофизикаFundamental and Applied Hydrophysics2073-66732782-5221St. Petersburg Research Center of the Russian Academy of Sciences10.7868/S2073667318020053hydrophysics-752Research ArticleГИДРОФИЗИЧЕСКИЕ И БИОГЕОХИМИЧЕСКИЕ ПОЛЯ И ПРОЦЕССЫHYDROPHYSICAL AND BIOGEOCHEMICAL FIELDS AND PROCESSESОценка уровня эвтрофикации в морских водах ЭстонииAssessing the eutrophication status of Estonian marine watersСтoйчeскуС.-Т.StoicescuS.-T.

Таллин

Tallinn

stella.stoicescu@ttu.eeЛипсУ.LipsU.

Таллин

Tallinn

ЛипсИ.LipsI.

Таллин

Tallinn

Таллинский технический университетЭстонияTallinn University of Technology, Department of Marine SystemsEstonia2018161120221126274Copyright © Стoйчeску С., Липс У., Липс И., 20222022Стoйчeску С., Липс У., Липс И.Stoicescu S., Lips U., Lips I.Данная работа распространяется под лицензией Creative Commons Attribution 4.0.This work is licensed under a Creative Commons Attribution 4.0 License.https://hydrophysics.spbrc.ru/jour/article/view/752

Балтийское море находится под влиянием антропогенной эвтрофикации. Согласно требованиям «Плана действий по Балтийскому морю» и соответствующих директив Европейского Союза статус морских районов оценивается на основе индикаторов, показывающих, достигнут ли хороший экологический статус или нет. Основным результатом настоящей работы является то, что на основе данных национального мониторинга за 2011-2016 годы и использованных индикаторов, характеризующих концентрацию биогенных веществ, а также прямых и косвенных эффектов эвтрофикации, вся эстонская морская акватория находится под влиянием эвтрофикации. Общий статус в основном определяется концентрациями биогенных веществ или прямыми эффектами эвтрофикации (хлорофилл-а, биомасса фитопланктона и прозрачность воды). Нехорошее состояние в мелководном Моонзунд определяется в основном только общим фосфором, что указывает на необходимость анализа используемого порогового значения этого индикатора. Результаты оценки, полученные на основе предложенных порогов для минеральных биогенных веществ в прибрежных водах Эстонии, хорошо согласуются с результатами оценки в соседних частях открытого моря. Согласно предложенной схеме оценки достоверности, общий результат оценки в основном имеет среднюю достоверность, но достоверность высокая в открытой части Финского залива и прибрежных районах, где мониторинг осуществляется ежегодно. Средняя достоверность оценок состояния и высокая изменчивость результатов оценки в бассейнах, где мониторинг проводится всего один раз за шесть лет, указывают на необходимость увеличения частоты мониторинга.

The Baltic Sea is a sea basin affected by human-induced eutrophication. As required by the Baltic Sea Action Plan and Marine Strategy Framework Directive, the status of the marine areas is assessed based on indicators showing whether the good environmental status (GES) is achieved or not. The main result of the present work is that based on the national monitoring data from 2011-2016 and used nutrients, direct effects and indirect effects indicators, the entire Estonian marine area is affected by eutrophication. The overall eutrophication status is mostly defined by nutrient concentrations in the water or direct effects of eutrophication (chlorophyll-a, phytoplankton biomass, and water transparency). The non-GES result in the shallow Moonsund area is mostly determined by total phosphorus (TP) suggesting that threshold values for TP should be studied in more detail. The assessment results derived based on the proposed dissolved inorganic nutrients thresholds for the Estonian coastal waters agree well with the adjacent offshore assessment results. According to the suggested confidence evaluation scheme, the overall assessment result has mostly intermediate confidence, but high confidence in the open Gulf of Finland and coastal water bodies covered with yearly monitoring. Intermediate confidence in status assessment and the noticed high variability in the assessment results in the basins with monitoring data from only one year, point to the need for an increase of monitoring frequency there.

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The authors declare that there are no conflicts of interest present.