hydrophysicsФундаментальная и прикладная гидрофизикаFundamental and Applied Hydrophysics2073-66732782-5221St. Petersburg Research Center of the Russian Academy of Sciences10.59887/fpg/9mg5-run6-4zr8hydrophysics-698Research ArticleГИДРОФИЗИЧЕСКИЕ И БИОГЕОХИМИЧЕСКИЕ ПОЛЯ И ПРОЦЕССЫHYDROPHYSICAL AND BIOGEOCHEMICAL FIELDS AND PROCESSESТрехмерная ретроспективная оценка биогеохимической динамики азота и фосфора в экосистеме Онежского озера за период с 1985 по 2015 гг. Часть II: Сезонная динамика и пространственные особенности; интегральные потокиThree-Dimensional Hindcast of Nitrogen and Phosphorus Biogeochemical Dynamics in Lake Onego Ecosystem, 1985–2015. Part II: Seasonal Dynamics and Spatial Features; Integral FluxesСавчукО. П.SavchukO. P.

г. Стокгольм, 10691

Stockholm, 10691

oleg.savchuk@su.seИсаевА. В.IsaevA. V.

117997, Нахимовский пр., д. 36, г. Москва

117997, Nahimovsky Pr., 36, Moscow

ФилатовН. Н.FilatovN. N.

185030, г. Петрозаводск, пр. Александра Невского, д. 50, Республика Карелия

185030, Pr. Al. Nevskogo, 50, Petrozavodsk

Балтик Нест Институт Стокгольмского университетаШвецияBaltic Nest Institute, Stockholm University Baltic Sea CentreSwedenИнститут океанологии им. П.П. Ширшова РАНРоссияShirshov Institute of Oceanology, Russian Academy of SciencesRussian FederationИнститут водных проблем Севера, Карельский научный центр РАНРоссияNorthern Water Problems Institute, Karelian Research Center, Russian Academy of SciencesRussian Federation20222506202215298109Copyright © Савчук О.П., Исаев А.В., Филатов Н.Н., 20222022Савчук О.П., Исаев А.В., Филатов Н.Н.Savchuk O.P., Isaev A.V., Filatov N.N.Данная работа распространяется под лицензией Creative Commons Attribution 4.0.This work is licensed under a Creative Commons Attribution 4.0 License.https://hydrophysics.spbrc.ru/jour/article/view/698

Для многолетнего реанализа экосистемы Онежского озера была использована трехмерная объединенная гидродинамическая биогеохимическая модель круговоротов азота и фосфора. Сопоставление моделирования и разрозненных нерегулярных наблюдений, представленное в первой части статьи, продемонстрировало достоверность восстановленных временных и пространственных особенностей биогеохимической динамики в многолетнем масштабе. В данной работе представлена сезонная динамика компонентов экосистемы и биогеохимических потоков. В качестве новой региональной фенологической информации дана количественная оценка весеннего цветения фитопланктона, которое ранее упускалось из виду, но достигает максимума 500 ± 128 мгC м–2 сут–1 в мае, что составляет примерно половину годовой первичной продукции озера в размере 17,0–20,6. гC м–2 год‑1, и вызывается увеличением доступности света, а не незначительным повышением температуры воды. Когерентные балансы питательных веществ обеспечивают надежные оценки времени пребывания фосфора и азота в 47 и 17 лет соответственно. Более короткое время пребывания азота объясняется денитрификацией отложений, которая в Онежском озере удаляет более 90 % биодоступного поступления азота, но часто игнорируется при исследованиях других крупных озер. Общая оценка работоспособности модели позволяет считать ее необходимым и надежным инструментом для сценарного моделирования возможных изменений экосистемы Онежского озера в требуемых пространственных и временных масштабах.

A three-dimensional coupled hydrodynamical biogeochemical model of the nitrogen and phosphorus cycles has been used for a long-term reanalysis of the Lake Onego ecosystem. The comparison between simulation and sparse irregular observations, presented in the first part of this paper, demonstrated plausibility of the reconstructed temporal and spatial features of biogeochemical dynamics at a long-term scale, while seasonal dynamics of variables and fluxes are presented here. As new regional phonological knowledge, the reanalysis quantifies that the spring phytoplankton bloom, previously overlooked, reaches a maximum of 500 ± ± 128 mg C m–2 d–1 in May, contributes to approximately half of the lake’s annual primary production of 17.0–20.6 g C m–2 yr–1, and is triggered by increasing light availability rather than by an insignificant rise in water temperature. Coherent nutrient budgets provide reliable estimates of phosphorus and nitrogen residence times of 47 and 17 years, respectively. The shorter nitrogen residence time is explained by sediment denitrification, which in Lake Onego removes over 90 % of the bioavailable nitrogen input, but is often ignored in studies of other large lakes. An overall assessment of the model performance allows us considering the model a necessary and reliable tool for scenario simulations of possible changes in the Lake Onego ecosystem at the requested spatial and temporal scales.

Онежское озероазотфосфорбиогеохимические циклыматематическое моделированиеLake Onegonitrogenphosphorusbiogeochemical cyclesmathematical modelingThe author O.S. was supported by the Swedish Agency for Marine and Water Management through their grant 1:11—Measures for the marine and water environment. The author A.I. conducted the present study within the framework of state assignment (Theme No. FMWE‑2021–0014). The author N.F. conducted the present study within the framework of state assignment (Theme No. FMEN‑2021–0007).The author O.S. was supported by the Swedish Agency for Marine and Water Management through their grant 1:11—Measures for the marine and water environment. The author A.I. conducted the present study within the framework of state assignment (Theme No. FMWE‑2021–0014). The author N.F. conducted the present study within the framework of state assignment (Theme No. FMEN‑2021–0007).ReferencesMeier H.E.M., Kniebusch M., Dieterich C., et al. 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The authors declare that there are no conflicts of interest present.