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<article article-type="research-article" dtd-version="1.3" xmlns:mml="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML" xmlns:xlink="http://www.w3.org/1999/xlink" xmlns:xsi="http://www.w3.org/2001/XMLSchema-instance" xml:lang="ru"><front><journal-meta><journal-id journal-id-type="publisher-id">hydrophysics</journal-id><journal-title-group><journal-title xml:lang="ru">Фундаментальная и прикладная гидрофизика</journal-title><trans-title-group xml:lang="en"><trans-title>Fundamental and Applied Hydrophysics</trans-title></trans-title-group></journal-title-group><issn pub-type="ppub">2073-6673</issn><issn pub-type="epub">2782-5221</issn><publisher><publisher-name>St. Petersburg Research Center of the Russian Academy of Sciences</publisher-name></publisher></journal-meta><article-meta><article-id pub-id-type="doi">10.7868/S207366731903002X</article-id><article-id custom-type="elpub" pub-id-type="custom">hydrophysics-66</article-id><article-categories><subj-group subj-group-type="heading"><subject>Research Article</subject></subj-group><subj-group subj-group-type="section-heading" xml:lang="ru"><subject>ГИДРОФИЗИЧЕСКИЕ И БИОГЕОХИМИЧЕСКИЕ ПОЛЯ И ПРОЦЕССЫ</subject></subj-group><subj-group subj-group-type="section-heading" xml:lang="en"><subject>HYDROPHYSICAL AND BIOGEOCHEMICAL FIELDS AND PROCESSES</subject></subj-group></article-categories><title-group><article-title>О климатических изменениях температуры Балтийского моря</article-title><trans-title-group xml:lang="en"><trans-title>About the climatic changes in the temperature of the Baltic Sea</trans-title></trans-title-group></title-group><contrib-group><contrib contrib-type="author" corresp="yes"><name-alternatives><name name-style="eastern" xml:lang="ru"><surname>Серых</surname><given-names>И. В.</given-names></name><name name-style="western" xml:lang="en"><surname>Serykh</surname><given-names>I. V.</given-names></name></name-alternatives><bio xml:lang="ru"><p>г. Москва</p></bio><bio xml:lang="en"><p>Moscow</p></bio><email xlink:type="simple">iserykh@ocean.ru</email><xref ref-type="aff" rid="aff-1"/></contrib><contrib contrib-type="author" corresp="yes"><name-alternatives><name name-style="eastern" xml:lang="ru"><surname>Костяной</surname><given-names>А. Г.</given-names></name><name name-style="western" xml:lang="en"><surname>Kostianoy</surname><given-names>A. G.</given-names></name></name-alternatives><bio xml:lang="ru"><p>г. Москва</p></bio><bio xml:lang="en"><p>Moscow</p></bio><xref ref-type="aff" rid="aff-2"/></contrib></contrib-group><aff-alternatives id="aff-1"><aff xml:lang="ru"><institution>Институт океанологии им. П. П. Ширшова РАН</institution><country>Россия</country></aff><aff xml:lang="en"><institution>Shirshov Institute of Oceanology of Russian Academy of Sciences</institution><country>Russian Federation</country></aff></aff-alternatives><aff-alternatives id="aff-2"><aff xml:lang="ru"><institution>Институт океанологии им. П. П. Ширшова РАН; Московский Университет им. С. Ю. Витте</institution><country>Россия</country></aff><aff xml:lang="en"><institution>Shirshov Institute of Oceanology of Russian Academy of Sciences; S.Yu. Witte Moscow University</institution><country>Russian Federation</country></aff></aff-alternatives><pub-date pub-type="collection"><year>2019</year></pub-date><pub-date pub-type="epub"><day>30</day><month>11</month><year>2021</year></pub-date><volume>12</volume><issue>3</issue><fpage>5</fpage><lpage>12</lpage><permissions><copyright-statement>Copyright &amp;#x00A9; Серых И.В., Костяной А.Г., 2021</copyright-statement><copyright-year>2021</copyright-year><copyright-holder xml:lang="ru">Серых И.В., Костяной А.Г.</copyright-holder><copyright-holder xml:lang="en">Serykh I.V., Kostianoy A.G.</copyright-holder><license xml:lang="ru" license-type="creative-commons-attribution" xlink:href="https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/" xlink:type="simple"><license-p>Данная работа распространяется под лицензией Creative Commons Attribution 4.0.</license-p></license><license xml:lang="en" license-type="creative-commons-attribution" xlink:href="https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/" xlink:type="simple"><license-p>This work is licensed under a Creative Commons Attribution 4.0 License.</license-p></license></permissions><self-uri xlink:href="https://hydrophysics.spbrc.ru/jour/article/view/66">https://hydrophysics.spbrc.ru/jour/article/view/66</self-uri><abstract><p>Анализ среднемесячных данных температуры Балтийского моря на поверхности и различных глубинах показал ее существенный рост за последние десятилетия. Вместе с этим наблюдаемый рост температуры распределен по акватории Балтийского моря неравномерно: так, наиболее сильно температура повысилась в Финском и Рижском заливах. На фоне этого роста обнаружены колебания температуры с периодами от 2 до 6 лет, ~8 лет и ~14 лет. Показаны связи этих колебаний с Эль-Ниньо, Северо-Атлантическим колебанием и Северо-Атлантическим течением соответственно. Причем влияние Эль-Ниньо захватывает верхние 10 метров Балтийского моря, связь с Северо-Атлантическим колебанием прослеживается до глубины 52 метров, а влияние Северо-Атлантического течения сохраняется до глубины 78 метров. Показано, что найденные колебания оказали наиболее сильное влияние на температуру Балтийского моря с середины 1970-х по конец 1990-х гг. Обнаружена связь глобальных климатических сдвигов 1976/77 и 1998/99 гг. и междекадных изменений температуры Балтийского моря. Высказано предположение, что Глобальная атмосферная осцилляция выступает в роли синхронизирующего звена между Эль-Ниньо, Северо-Атлантическим колебанием и межгодовой изменчивостью температуры Балтийского моря.</p></abstract><trans-abstract xml:lang="en"><p>Analysis of the monthly average data of the temperature of the Baltic Sea on the surface and various depths showed its significant growth over the past decades. At the same time, the observed temperature increase is not evenly distributed throughout the Baltic Sea, as the temperature increased most strongly in the Gulf of Finland and Riga. Against this growth, temperature oscillations with periods ranging from 2 to 6 years, ~8 years and ~14 years were found. The relationships between these oscillations and the El Niño, the North Atlantic Oscillation and the North Atlantic Current, respectively, are shown. It was found that the influence of El Niño captures the top 10 meters of the Baltic Sea, the connection with the North Atlantic Oscillation is traced to a depth of 52 meters, and the influence of the North Atlantic Current is maintained to a depth of 78 meters. It has been shown that these fluctuations exerted the strongest influence on the temperature of the Baltic Sea from the mid-1970s to the end of the 1990s. The influence of global climate shifts 1976/77 and 1998/99 on interdecadal changes in the temperature of the Baltic Sea has been detected. It has been suggested that the Global Atmospheric Oscillation acts as a synchronizing link between the El Niño, the North Atlantic Oscillation and the interannual variability of the temperature of the Baltic Sea.</p></trans-abstract><kwd-group xml:lang="ru"><kwd>изменения климата</kwd><kwd>температура</kwd><kwd>Балтийское море</kwd><kwd>Эль-Ниньо</kwd><kwd>Глобальная атмосферная осцилляция</kwd><kwd>Северо-Атлантическое колебание</kwd><kwd>Северо-Атлантическое течение</kwd></kwd-group><kwd-group xml:lang="en"><kwd>climate change</kwd><kwd>temperature</kwd><kwd>the Baltic Sea</kwd><kwd>El Niño</kwd><kwd>Global Atmospheric Oscillation</kwd><kwd>North Atlantic Oscillation</kwd><kwd>North Atlantic Current</kwd></kwd-group></article-meta></front><back><ref-list><title>References</title><ref id="cit1"><label>1</label><citation-alternatives><mixed-citation xml:lang="ru">IPCC. Climate Change 2007: The Physical Science Basis. Contribution of WG1 to the IV Assessment Report of the IPCC / Eds. 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