hydrophysicsФундаментальная и прикладная гидрофизикаFundamental and Applied Hydrophysics2073-66732782-5221St. Petersburg Research Center of the Russian Academy of Sciences10.59887/2073-6673.2024.17(2)-6hydrophysics-1326Research ArticleГИДРОФИЗИЧЕСКИЕ И БИОГЕОХИМИЧЕСКИЕ ПОЛЯ И ПРОЦЕССЫHYDROPHYSICAL AND BIOGEOCHEMICAL FIELDS AND PROCESSESБиоаккумуляция кадмия и меди в разных районах восточной части Финского заливаBioaccumulation of Cadmium and Copper in Different Areas of The Eastern Part of The Gulf of Finlandhttps://orcid.org/0000-0003-3057-5596БерезинаН. А.BerezinaN. A.

Березина Надежда Александровна, ведущий научный сотрудник, кандидат биологических наук

199034, Санкт-Петербург, Университетская набережная, д. 1

St. Petersburg, 199034, Universitetskaya Nab., 1

nadezhda.berezina@zin.ruhttps://orcid.org/0000-0002-8803-5691КамардинН. Н.KamardinN. N.

Камардин Николай Николаевич, ведущий научный сотрудник, доктор биологических наук

197110, Санкт-Петербург, Корпусная ул., д. 18

St. Petersburg, St. Petersburg 197110, Korpusnaya Str., 18

nik-kamardin@yandex.ruhttps://orcid.org/0000-0001-7581-2538ШаровА. Н.SharovA. N.

Шаров Андрей Николаевич, ведущий научный сотрудник, доктор биологических наук

197110, Санкт-Петербург, Корпусная ул., д. 18

St. Petersburg, St. Petersburg 197110, Korpusnaya Str., 18

sharov_AN@mail.ruЗоологический институт Российской академии наукРоссияZoological Institute of the Russian Academy of SciencesRussian FederationСанкт-Петербургский Федеральный исследовательский центр РАНРоссияSt. Petersburg Federal Research Center of the Russian Academy of SciencesRussian Federation2024210720241726680Copyright © Березина Н.А., Камардин Н.Н., Шаров А.Н., 20242024Березина Н.А., Камардин Н.Н., Шаров А.Н.Berezina N.A., Kamardin N.N., Sharov A.N.Данная работа распространяется под лицензией Creative Commons Attribution 4.0.This work is licensed under a Creative Commons Attribution 4.0 License.https://hydrophysics.spbrc.ru/jour/article/view/1326

Финский залив (с эстуарием р. Невы) расположен в северо-восточной части Балтийского моря и играет ключевую роль в формировании биоресурсов и качества природной среды всего Балтийского моря. Наряду с эвтрофированием его экосистема подвержена антропогенному загрязнению токсическими элементами, включая тяжелые металлы. В данной работе проведен анализ содержания кадмия и меди в донных осадках Финского залива и в тканях доминирующих видов донной макрофауны — грунтоядных полихетах Marenzelleria arctia и хищных изоподах Saduria entomon. Обнаружена значительная вариабельность в пространственном распределении этих элементов в обеих средах. Средние концентрации кадмия (0,67±0,1 мг/кг сухого вещества) в донных осадках были соответственно в 2 раза выше, а меди (34,4±4,0 мг/кг) в 1,5 раза ниже пороговых уровней, установленных для Балтийского моря. Обнаружено существенно большее содержание этих металлов в тканях изопод, чем полихет; на отдельных участках оно на порядок выше в изоподах, чем в полихетах. Фактор трофического переноса металлов в пищевой сети залива показал биоусиление, т. е. накопление металлов при переходе от грунтоядных (M. arctia) к хищным (S. entomon) потребителям, кадмия — в 3,7 раз и меди — в 8,7 раз. Таким образом, оба вида донных животных обладают высокой аккумуляционной активностью по отношению к кадмию и меди, что способствует активному транспорту обоих металлов из донных осадков в морскую биоту, и, в конечном итоге, переносу к высшим звеньям трофической сети (рыбам, птицам и млекопитающим).

The Gulf of Finland (with the estuary of the Neva River) is located in the northeastern part of the Baltic Sea and plays a key role in the formation of biological resources and the quality of the natural environment of the entire Baltic Sea. Along with eutrophication, its ecosystem is subject to anthropogenic pollution with toxic elements, including heavy metals. In this work, we analyzed the content of cadmium and copper in bottom sediments of the Gulf of Finland and in the tissues of the dominant species of benthic macrofauna — the deposit-feeder polychaete Marenzelleria arctia and the predatory isopod Saduria entomon. Significant variability was found in the spatial distribution of these elements in both environments. The average concentrations of cadmium (0.67±0.1 mg/kg of dry matter) in bottom sediments were correspondingly two times higher, and copper (34.4±4.0 mg/ kg) 1.5 times lower than the threshold levels established for the Baltic Sea. A significantly higher content of these metals was found in the tissues of isopods than polychaetes; in some locations it is an order of magnitude higher in isopods than in polychaetes. The factor of trophic transfer of metals in the Gulf food web showed biomagnification, i. e. accumulation of metals during the transition from low-level consumers (M. arctia) to predatory consumers (S. entomon), cadmium by 3.7 times and copper by 8.7 times. Thus, both species of benthic animals have high accumulative activity in relation to cadmium and copper, which contributes to the active transport of both metals from bottom sediments to marine biota, and, ultimately, transfer to the higher levels of the food web (fish, birds and mammals).

загрязнение металламидонные отложениямакробентосфактор биоаккумуляциифактор трофического переносабиогеохимическая активностьMarenzelleria arctiaSaduria entomonmetal pollutionbottom sedimentsmacrobenthosbioaccumulation factortrophic transfer factorbiogeochemical activityMarenzelleria arctiaSaduria entomonРабота выполнена по госзаданию Министерства науки и высшего образования Российской Федерации (№ 122031100274-7 и 122041100085-8) и при частичной поддержке Программы приграничного сотрудничества Россия-Эстония, ER90 HAZLESS (2019–2021).The work was carried out under the state order of the Ministry of Science and Higher Education of the Russian Federation (No. 122031100274-7 and 122041100085-8) and with partial support from the Russia-Estonia Cross-Border Cooperation Program, ER90 HAZLESS (2019–2021).ReferencesМаксимов А.А. Многолетняя динамика и современное распределение сообщества макробентоса в восточной части Финского залива Балтийского моря // Биология моря. 2015. Т. 4, № 4. С. 269–278.Maximov A. The long–term dynamics and current distribution of macrozoobenthos communities in the Eastern Gulf of Finland, Baltic Sea. Russian Journal of Marine Biology. 2015, 41, 4, 300–310. doi:10.1134/S1063074015040094Березина Н.А., Губелит Ю.И., Максимов А.А. и др. Биологические эффекты опасных химических веществ в восточной части Финского залива в фокусе проекта HAZLESS // Окружающая среда Санкт-Петербурга. 2020. № 1 (15) С. 90–96.Berezina N.A., Gubelit Yu.I., Maksimov A.A., Zhakovskaya Z.A., Polyak Yu.M., Sladkova S.V., Bobyleva N.V., Zagrebina T.A., Lips I ., Kolesova N. Biological effects of hazardous chemicals in the eastern part of the Gulf of Finland in the focus of the HAZLESS project. Environment of St. Petersburg, 2020, 1 (15), 90–96 (in Russian).Norkko J., Reed D.С., Timmermann K.A. et al. A welcome can of worms? Hypoxia mitigation by an invasive species // Global Change Biology. 2012. Vol. 18, 2. 422. doi:10.1111/j.1365-2486.2011.02513.xNorkko J., Reed D.С., Timmermann K. A. et. al. A welcome can of worms? Hypoxia mitigation by an invasive species. Global Change Biology, 2012, 18(2), 422. doi:10.1111/j.1365-2486.2011.02513.xZilius M., Bartoli M., Bresciani M. et al. Feedback mechanisms between cyanobacterial blooms, transient hypoxia, and benthic phosphorus regeneration in shallow coastal environments // Estuaries and Coasts. 2014. Vol. 37, N 3. 680. doi:10.1007/s12237-013-9717-xZilius M., Bartoli M., Bresciani M. et al. Feedback mechanisms between cyanobacterial blooms, transient hypoxia, and benthic phosphorus regeneration in shallow coastal environments. Estuaries and Coasts. 2014, 37(3), 680. doi:10.1007/s12237-013-9717-xВолощук Е.В., Максимов А.А. Оценка влияния биотурбационной активности полихет Marenzelleria Arctia на содержание веществ в донных отложениях восточной части Финского залива // Фундаментальная и прикладная гидрофизика. 2017. Т. 10, № 2. С. 34–40.Voloshchuk E.V., Maximov A.A. Assessment of influence of Marenzelleria arctia bioturbation activity on substances content in the sediments of the Eastern Gulf of Finland. Fundamental and Applied Hydrophysics. 2017, 10(2), 34–40 (in Russian).Berezina N.A., Maximov A.A., Vladimirova O.M. Influence of benthic invertebrates on phosphorus flux at the sediment–water interface in the easternmost Baltic Sea // Marine Ecology Progress Series. 2019. Vol. 608. P. 33–43. doi:/10.3354/meps12824Berezina N.A., Maximov A.A., Vladimirova O.M. Influence of benthic invertebrates on phosphorus flux at the sediment–water interface in the easternmost Baltic Sea. Marine Ecology Progress Series. 2019, 608, 33–43. doi:/10.3354/meps12824Murray C.J., Müller–Karulis B., Carstensen J. et al. Past, Present and Future Eutrophication Status of the Baltic Sea // Frontiers in Marine Science. 2019. Vol. 6, N 2. doi:10.3389/fmars.2019.00002Murray C.J., Müller–Karulis B., Carstensen J. et al. Past, Present and Future Eutrophication Status of the Baltic Sea. Frontiers in Marine Science. 2019, 6, 2. doi:10.3389/fmars.2019.00002Vahtera E., Conley D.J., Gustafsson B.G. et al. Internal ecosystem feedbacks enhance nitrogen–fixing cyanobacteria blooms and complicate management in the Baltic Sea // AMBIO: A Journal of the Human Environment. 2007. Vol. 36, N2 P. 186–194. doi:10.1579/0044-7447(2007)36[186: IEFENC]2.0.CO;2Vahtera E., Conley D.J., Gustafsson B.G. et al. Internal ecosystem feedbacks enhance nitrogen–fixing cyanobacteria blooms and complicate management in the Baltic Sea. Marine Ecology Progress Series. 2007, 36, 186–194. doi:10.1579/0044-7447(2007)36[186: iefenc]2.0.co;2.Savchuk O.P. Large–Scale nutrient dynamics in the Baltic Sea, 1970–2016 // Frontiers in Marine Science. 2018. Vol. 5. doi:10.3389/fmars.2018.00095Savchuk O.P. Large-Scale nutrient dynamics in the Baltic Sea, 1970–2016. Frontiers in Marine Science. 2018, 5. doi:10.3389/fmars.2018.00095Мосин О.В. Основные экологические проблемы Балтийского моря и пути их решения // Балтийский регион. 2011. № 1 (7). С. 41–53.Mosin O. The main environmental problems of the Baltic Sea and the ways to solve them. Baltic Region. 2011, 1(7), 35–47. doi: 10.5922/2079-8555-2011-1-5Zalewska T., Woroń J., Danowska B., Suplińska M. Temporal changes in Hg, Pb, Cd and Zn environmental concentrations in the southern Baltic Sea sediments dated with 210Pb method // Oceanologia. 2015. Vol. 57, N 1. P. 32–43. doi:10.1016/j.oceano.2014.06.003Zalewska T., Woroń J., Danowska B., Suplińska M. Temporal changes in Hg, Pb, Cd and Zn environmental concentrations in the southern Baltic Sea sediments dated with 210Pb method. Oceanologia. 2015, 57, 1, 32–43. doi:10.1016/j.oceano.2014.06.003Kuprijanov I., Väli G., Sharov A. et al. Hazardous substances in the sediments and their pathways from potential sources in the eastern Gulf of Finland // Marine Pollution Bulletin. 2021. Vol. 170. 112642. doi:10.1016/j.marpolbul.2021.112642Kuprijanov I., Väli G., Sharov A. et al. Hazardous substances in the sediments and their pathwaysfrom potential sources in the eastern Gulf of Finland. Marine Pollution Bulletin. 2021, 170, 12642. doi:10.1016/j.marpolbul.2021.112642Shevchenko V. The Influence of aerosols on the oceanic sedimentation and environmental conditions in the Arctic // Reports on Polar and Marine Research. 2003. Vol. 464. P. 1–149. doi:10.2312/BZPM_0464_2003Shevchenko V. The Influence of aerosols on the oceanic sedimentation and environmental conditions in the Arctic. Reports on Polar and Marine Research. 2003, 464, 1–149. doi:10.2312/BZPM_0464_2003Remeikaitė–Nikienėa N., Garnaga–Budrėa G., Lujanienėb G. et al. Distribution of metals and extent of contamination in sediments from the south–eastern Baltic Sea (Lithuanian zone) // Oceanologia. 2018. Vol. 60, N 2. P. 193–206. doi:10.1016/j.oceano.2017.11.001Remeikaitė–Nikienėa N., Garnaga–Budrėa G., Lujanienėb G. et al. Distribution of metals and extent of contamination in sediments from the south–eastern Baltic Sea (Lithuanian zone). Oceanologia. 2018, 60(2), 193–206. doi:10.1016/j.oceano.2017.11.001Ogunola O.S. Physiological, immunological, genotoxic and histopathological biomarker responses of molluscs to heavy metal and water–quality parameter exposures: a critical review // Journal of Oceanography and Marine Research. 2017. Vol. 5, 158. doi:10.4172/2572-3103.1000158Ogunola O.S. Physiological, immunological, genotoxic and histopathological biomarker responses of molluscs to heavy metal and water–quality parameter exposures: a critical review. Journal of Oceanography and Marine Research. 2017, 5, 158. doi:10.4172/2572-3103.1000158Moiseenko T.I. Bioavailability and ecotoxicity of metals in aquatic systems: critical levels of pollution // Geochemistry International. 2019. Vol. 64, N 7. P. 675–688. doi:10.31857/S0016-7525647675-688Moiseenko T.I. Bioavailability and ecotoxicity of metals in aquatic systems: critical levels of pollution. Geochemistry International. 2019, 64(7), 675–688. doi:10.31857/S0016-7525647675-688de Conto Cinier C., Petit–Ramel M., Faure R., Garin D. Cadmium bioaccumulation in сarp (Cyprino carpio) tissues during longterm exposure: analysis by Inductively Coupled Plasma Mass Spectrometry // Ecotoxicology and Environment Safety. 1997. Vol. 38. P. 137–143. doi:10.1006/eesa.1997.1569de Conto Cinier C., Petit–Ramel M., Faure R., Garin D. Cadmium bioaccumulation in сarp (Cyprino carpio) tissues during longterm exposure: analysis by Inductively Coupled Plasma Mass Spectrometry. Ecotoxicology and Environment Safety. 1997, 38, 137–143. doi:10.1006/eesa.1997.1569Boudjema K., Badis A., Moulai–Mostefa N. Study of heavy metal bioaccumulation in Mytilus galloprovincialis (Lamark 1819) from heavy metal mixture using the CCF design // Environmental Technology & Innovation. 2022. Vol. 25. 102202. doi:10.1016/j.eti.2021.102202.Boudjema K., Badis A., Moulai–Mostefa N. Study of heavy metal bioaccumulation in Mytilus galloprovincialis (Lamark 1819) from heavy metal mixture using the CCF design. Environmental Technology & Innovation. 2022, 25, 102202. doi:10.1016/j.eti.2021.102202.Заботкина Е.А., Лапирова Т.Б. Влияние тяжелых металлов на иммунофизиологический статус рыб // Успехи современной биологии. 2003.Т. 123, № 4. С. 401–408.Zabotkina E.A., Lapirova T.B. The influence of heavy metals on the immunophysiological status of sturgeon fish. Uspekhi Sovremennoy Biologii. 2003, 123(4), 401–408 (in Russian).Чаплыгин В.А., Ершова Т.С., Зайцев В.Ф. Трансформация металлов в системе: грунт — пищевые цепи осетровых Каспийского моря // Юг России: экология, развитие. 2019. Т. 14, № 3. С. 138–143. doi:10.18470/1992-1098-2019-3-138-143.Chaplygin V.A., Yershova T.S., Zaytseva V.F. Transformation of metals in the system: sediments–food chains of осетровых fish of Caspian Sea. Yug Rossii: Ekologiya, razvitie. 2019. 14 (3), 138–143. doi:10.18470/1992-1098-2019-3-138-143 (in Russian).Levit R.L., Shigaeva T.D., Kudryavtseva V.A. Heavy metals in macrozoobenthos and sediments of the coastal zone of the eastern Gulf of Finland // Russian Journal of General Chemistry. 2020. Vol. 90. P. 2700–2707. doi:10.1134/S1070363220130265Levit R.L., Shigaeva T.D., Kudryavtseva V.A. Heavy metals in macrozoobenthos and sediments of the coastal zone of the eastern Gulf of Finland. Russian Journal of General Chemistry. 2020, 90, 13, 2700–2707. doi:10.1134/S1070363220130265Sharov A.N., Berezina N.A., Kuprijanov I. et al. Cadmium in the Eastern Gulf of Finland: concentrations and effects on the mollusk Limecola balthica // Geochemistry International. 2022. Vol. 60. P. 702–710. doi:10.1134/S0016702922060076Sharov A.N., Berezina N.A., Kuprijanov I. L. et al. Cadmium in the Eastern Gulf of Finland: concentrations and effects on the mollusk Limecola Balthica. Geochemistry International. 2022, 60, 702–710. doi:10.1134/S0016702922060076Berezina N., Maximov A., Sharov A., Gubelit Y., Kholodkevich S. Environmental assessment with cage exposure in the Neva estuary, Baltic Sea: metal bioaccumulation and physiologic activity of bivalve molluscs // Journal of Marine Science and Engineering. 2023. Vol. 11, N 9. 1756. doi:10.3390/jmse11091756Berezina N., Maximov A., Sharov A., Gubelit Y., Kholodkevich S. Environmental assessment with cage exposure in the Neva estuary, Baltic Sea: metal bioaccumulation and physiologic activity of bivalve molluscs. Journal of Marine Science and Engineering. 2023, 11(9), 1756. doi:10.3390/jmse11091756Góral M., Szefer P., Ciesielski T., Warzocha J. Distribution and relationships of trace metals in the isopod Saduria entomon and adjacent bottom sediments in the southern Baltic // Journal of Environmental Monitoring. 2009. Vol. 11. P. 1875–1882. doi:10.1039/b900366eGóral M., Szefer P., Ciesielski T., Warzocha J. Distribution and relationships of trace metals in the isopod Saduria entomon and adjacent bottom sediments in the southern Baltic. Journal of Environmental Monitoring. 2009, 11, 1875–1882. doi:10.1039/b900366eVoigt H–R. Heavy metal concentrations in four–horn sculpin Triglopsis quadricornis (L.) (Pisces), its main food organism Saduria entomon L. (Crustacea), and in bottom sediments in the Archipelago Sea and the Gulf of Finland (Baltic Sea) // Proceedings of the Estonian Academy of Sciences, Biology and Ecology. 2007. Vol. 56. P. 224–238. doi:10.3176/eco.2007.3.05Voigt H-R. Heavy metal concentrations in four–horn sculpin Triglopsis quadricornis (L.) (Pisces), its main food organism Saduria entomon L. (Crustacea), and in bottom sediments in the Archipelago Sea and the Gulf of Finland (Baltic Sea). Proceedings of the Estonian Academy of Sciences, Biology and Ecology. 2007, 56, 224–238. doi:10.3176/eco.2007.3.05Bonsignore M., Manta D.S., Mirto S. et al. Bioaccumulation of heavy metals in fish, crustaceans, molluscs and echinoderms from the Tuscany coast // Ecotoxicology and Environmental Safety. 2018. Vol. 162. P. 554–562. doi:10.1016/j.ecoenVol.2018.07.044Bonsignore M., Manta D.S., Mirto S. et al. Bioaccumulation of heavy metals in fish, crustaceans, molluscs and echinoderms from the Tuscany coast. Ecotoxicology and Environmental Safety. 2018, 162, 554–562. doi:10.1016/j.ecoenv.2018.07.044Erdem M., Turan H., Kaya Y. Mineral and trace element contents of warty crab (Eriphia verrucosa) and brown shrimp (Crangon crangon) // Journal of Fisheries and Aquatic Science 2015. Vol. 30, N 2. P. 26–31. doi:10.18864/iujfas.82582Erdem M., Turan H., Kaya Y. Mineral and trace element contents of warty crab (Eriphia verrucosa) and brown shrimp (Crangon crangon). Journal of Fisheries and Aquatic Science. 2015, 30(2), 26–31. doi:10.18864/iujfas.82582APHA. Standard methods for the examination of water and wastewater. 18th ed. American Public Health Association. Washington. 1992.APHA. Standard methods for the examination of water and wastewater. 18th ed. American Public Health Association. Washington. 1992.Jorhem L., Engman J., Sundström B., Thim A.M. Trace elements in crayfish: regional differences and changes induced by cooking // Archives of Environmental Contamination and Toxicology. 1994. Vol. 26. P. 137–142. doi:10.1007/BF0022479630.Jorhem L., Engman J., Sundström B., Thim A.M. Trace elements in crayfish: regional differences and changes induced by cooking. Archives of Environmental Contamination and Toxicology. 1994, 26, 137–142. doi:10.1007/BF00224796DeForest D.K., Brix K.VOL., Adams W.J. Assessing metal bioaccumulation in aquatic environments: The inverse relationship between bioaccumulation factors, trophic transfer factors and exposure concentration // Aquatic Toxicology. 2007. Vol. 84, N2. P. 236–246. doi:10.1016/j.aquatox.2007.02.022DeForest D.K., Brix K.V., Adams W.J. Assessing metal bioaccumulation in aquatic environments: The inverse relationship between bioaccumulation factors, trophic transfer factors and exposure concentration. Aquatic Toxicology. 2007, 84 (2), 236–246. doi:10.1016/j.aquatox.2007.02.022Vallius H., Leivuori M. Classification of heavy metal contaminated sediments of the Gulf of Finland // Baltica. 2003. Vol. 16. P. 3–12.Vallius H., Leivuori M. Classification of heavy metal contaminated sediments of the Gulf of Finland. Baltica. 2003, 16, 3–12.Vallius H. Heavy metal concentrations in sediment cores from the northern Baltic Sea: Declines over the last two decades // Marine Pollution Bulletin. 2014. Vol. 79, N 1–2. P. 359–364. doi:10.1016/j.marpolbul.2013.11.017Vallius H. Heavy metal concentrations in sediment cores from the northern Baltic Sea: Declines over the last two decades. Marine Pollution Bulletin. 2014, 79(1–2), 359–364. doi:10.1016/j.marpolbul.2013.11.017СанПиН 2.3.2.1078–01.2008. Гигиенические требования безопасности и пищевой ценности пищевых продуктов. 2008. URL: https://gosstandart.info/data/documents/sanpin3.2.1078–01 (дата обращения: 14.12.2023).SanPiN2.3.2.1078–01.2008. Hygienic requirements for the safety and nutritional value of food products. 2008. URL: https://gosstandart.info/data/documents/sanpin3.2.1078–01 (Accessed 12.14.2023) (in Russian).Давыдкова И.Л., Фадеева Н.П., Ковековдова Л.Т., Фадеев В.И. Содержание тяжелых металлов в тканях доминирующих видов бентоса и в донных осадках бухты Золотой Рог Японского моря // Биология моря. 2005. Т. 31, № 3. С. 202–206.Davydkova I.L., Fadeeva N.P., Kovekovdova L.T., Fadeev V.I. Heavy metal contents in tissues of dominant species of the benthos and in bottom sediments of Zolotoi Rog Bay, Sea of Japan. Russian Journal of Marine Biology. 2005, 31(3), 176–180. doi:10.1007/s11179-005-0064-zBat L., Şahin F., Öztekin A. Assessment of heavy metals pollution in water and sediments and polychaetes in Sinop shores of the Black Sea // KSU Journal of Agriculture and Nature. 2019. Vol. 22. N 5. P. 806–816. doi:10.18016/KSUTARIMDOGA.V22I45606.535882Bat L., Şahin F., Öztekin A. Assessment of heavy metals pollution in water and sediments and polychaetes in Sinop shores of the Black Sea. KSU Journal of Agriculture and Nature. 2019, 22(5), 806–816. doi:10.18016/KSUTARIMDOGA.V22I45606.535882Dora E.Ç., Sunlu U., Ergen Z. Heavy metal concentrations in Hediste diversicolor (Polychaeta) and sediments from Homa Lagoon (Izmir Bay–Turkey) // Bulletin International Commission for the Scientific Exploration of the Mediterranean Sea. 2007. Vol. 38. P. 253.Dora E.Ç., Sunlu U., Ergen Z. Heavy metal concentrations in Hediste diversicolor (Polychaeta) and sediments from Homa Lagoon (Izmir Bay–Turkey). Bulletin International Commission for the Scientific Exploration of the Mediterranean Sea. 2007, 38, 253.Waring J.S., Maher W.A., Krikowa F. Trace metal bioaccumulation in eight common coastal Australian polychaeta // Journal of Environmental Monitoring. 2006. Vol. 8. 1149.Waring J.S., Maher W.A., Krikowa F. Trace metal bioaccumulation in eight common coastal Australian polychaete. Journal of Environmental Monitoring. 2006, 8, 1149.Demina L.L., Galkin S.VOL. Bioaccumulation of trace elements in organisms of benthic biocenoses in oceanic oxidized and reduced environments: similarities and differences // Geochemistry International. 2018. Vol. 56, N 6. P. 566–578. doi:10.1134/S0016702918060034.Demina L.L., Galkin S.V. Bioaccumulation of trace elements in organisms of benthic biocenoses in oceanic oxidized and reduced environments: similarities and differences. Geochemistry International. 2018, 56(6), 566–578. doi:10.1134/S0016702918060034.Наревич И.С., Ковековдова Л.Т. Микроэлементы (As, Cd, Pb, Fe, Cu, Zn, Se, Hg) в промысловых ракообразных Японского моря // Известия ТИНРО. 2017. Т. 189. С. 147–155.Narevich I.S., Kovekovdova L.T. Trace elements (As, Cd, Pb, Fe, Cu, Zn, Se, Hg) in commercial crustaceans of the Sea of Japan. Izvestiya TINRO. 2017, 189, 147–155. (in Russian)Крупина М.В., Дахно А.Д. Содержание тяжелых металлов в некоторых гидробионтах Белого моря // Экологический мониторинг и моделирование экосистем. 2021. Т. 32, № 3–4. С. 112–122. doi:10.21513/2410-8758-2021-3-4-112-122Krupina M.V, Dakhno A.D. Content of heavy metals in some hydrobionts of the White Sea. Environmental Monitoring and Ecosystem Modelling. 2021, 32(3–4), 112–122.Depledge M.H., Rainbow P.S. Models of regulation and accumulation of trace metals in marine invertebrates // Comparative Biochemistry and Physiology Part — C: Toxicology and Pharmacology. 1990. Vol. 97. P. 1–7.Depledge M.H., Rainbow P.S. Models of regulation and accumulation of trace metals in marine invertebrates. Comparative Biochemistry and Physiology Part — C: Toxicology and Pharmacology. 1990, 97, 1–7.Rainbow P.S., Poirier L., Smith B.D., Brix K.VOL., Luoma S.N. Trophic transfer of trace metals from the polychaete worm Nereis diversicolor to the polychaete N. virens and the decapod crustacean Palaemonetes varians // Marine Ecology Progress Series. 2006. Vol. 321. P. 167–181. doi:10.3354/meps321167.Rainbow P.S., Poirier L., Smith B.D., Brix K.V., Luoma S.N. Trophic transfer of trace metals from the polychaete worm Nereis diversicolor to the polychaete N. virens and the decapod crustacean Palaemonetes varians. Marine Ecology Progress Series. 2006, 321, 167–181. doi:10.3354/meps321167.Simkiss K., Taylor M.G. Convergence of cellular–systems of metal detoxification // Marine Environmental Research. 1989. Vol. 28, N 1. P. 211–214. doi:10.1016/0141-1136(89)90227-4Simkiss K., Taylor M.G. Convergence of cellular–systems of metal detoxification. Marine Environmental Research. 1989, 28(1), 211–214. doi:10.1016/0141-1136(89)90227-4Bryan G.W. Concentrations of zinc and copper in the tissues of decapod crustaceans // Journal of the Marine Biological Association UK (JMBA). 1968. Vol. 48. P. 303–321.Bryan G.W. Concentrations of zinc and copper in the tissues of decapod crustaceans. Journal of the Marine Biological Association UK (JMBA). 1968, 48, 303–321.Ferns P.N. Birds of the Bristol Channel and Severn Estuary // Marine Pollution Bulletin. 1984. Vol. 15. P. 76–81. doi:10.1016/0025-326X(84)90467-3Ferns P.N. Birds of the Bristol Channel and Severn Estuary. Marine Pollution Bulletin. 1984, 15, 76–81. doi:10.1016/0025-326X(84)90467-3Amiard J.C., Triquet C., Berthet B., Metayer C. Comparative study of the patterns of bioaccumulation of essential (Cu, Zn) and non–essential (Cd, Pb) trace metals in various estuarine and coastal organisms // Journal of Experimental Marine Biology and Ecology. 1987. Vol. 106, N 1. P. 73–89. doi:10.1016/0022-0981(87)90148-1Amiard J.C., Triquet C., Berthet B., Metayer C. Comparative study of the patterns of bioaccumulation of essential (Cu, Zn) and non–essential (Cd, Pb) trace metals in various estuarine and coastal organisms. Journal of Experimental Marine Biology and Ecology. 1987, 106(1), 73–89. doi:10.1016/0022-0981(87)90148-1Rainbow P.S., White S.L. Comparative strategies of heavy metal accumulation by crustaceans: zinc, copper and cadmium in a decapod, an amphipod and a barnacle // Hydrobiologia 1989. Vol. 174, Is. 3. P. 245–262.Rainbow P.S., White S.L. Comparative strategies of heavy metal accumulation by crustaceans: zinc, copper and cadmium in a decapod, an amphipod and a barnacle. Hydrobiologia. 1989, 174(3), 245–262.Brzoska M.M., Moniuszko–Jakoniuk J. Interaction between cadmium and zinc in the organism // Food and Chemical Toxicology. 2001. Vol. 39, N 10. P. 967–980. doi:10.1016/S0278-6915(01)00048-5Brzoska M.M., Moniuszko–Jakoniuk J. Interaction between cadmium and zinc in the organism. Food and Chemical Toxicology. 2001, 39(10), 967–980. doi:10.1016/S0278-6915(01)00048-5Sloman K.A., Scott G.R., Zhongyu D. Cadmium affects the social behavior rainbow trout, Onconrhynchus mykiss // Aquatic Toxicology. 2003. Vol. 65, N 2. P. 171–185. doi:10.1016/S0166-445X(03)00122-XSloman K.A., Scott G.R., Zhongyu D. Cadmium affects the social behavior rainbow trout, Onconrhynchus mykiss. Aquatic Toxicology. 2003, 65(2), 171–185. doi:10.1016/S0166-445X(03)00122-XЧерная Л.В., Ковальчук Л.А. Содержание тяжелых металлов в тканях пиявок, обитающих в озерах Южного Урала // Вестник Оренбургского государственного университета. 2010. № 12. С. 65–68.Chernaya L.V., Kovalchuk L.A. Content of heavy metals in the tissues of leeches living in lakes of the Southern Urals. Vestnik Orenburgskogo Gosudarstvennogo Universiteta. 2010, 12, 65–68 (in Russian).Ansari T.M., Marr I.L., Tariq N. Heavy metals in marine pollution perspective–A mini review // Journal of Applied Sciences. 2004. Vol. 4, N 1. P. 1–20. doi:10.3923/jas.2004.1.20Ansari T.M., Marr I.L., Tariq N. Heavy metals in marine pollution perspective–A mini review. Journal of Applied Sciences. 2004, 4(1), 1–20. doi:10.3923/jas.2004.1.20Кораблина И.В., Котов С.В., Барабашин Т.О. Азовская тарань как показатель антропогенного загрязнения экосистемы Азовского моря // Труды ВНИРО. 2019. Т. 178. С. 84–103.Korablina I.V., Kotov S.V., Barabashin T.O. Azov ram as an indicator of anthropogenic pollution of the Azov Sea ecosystem. Trudy VNIRO. 2019, 178, 84–103 (in Russian).Рюмина А.А., Тищенко П.Я., Шкирникова Е.М. Тяжелые металлы и органический углерод в донных осадках мелководных бухт залива Петра Великого // Геохимия. 2023. Т. 68, № 7. С. 709–719. doi:10.31857/S0016752523060080Ryumina A.A., Tishchenko P. Ya., Shkirnikova E.M. Heavy metals and organic carbon in bottom sediments of shallow bights of Peter the Great Bay. Geochemistry International. 2023, 61 (7), 724–734. doi:10.1134/S0016702923060083Поромов А.А., Перетыкин А.А., Смуров А.В. Влияние солености на биоконцентрацию и генотоксичность тяжелых металлов для морских звезд Asterias rubens L. // Известия МГТУ МАМИ. 2014. Т. 3, № 3. С. 43–49.Poromov A.A., Peretykin A.A., Smurov A.V. Effect of salinity on the bioconcentration and genotoxicity of heavy metals for the sea star Asterias rubens L. Izvesyiya MGTU MAMI. 2014, 3(3), 43–49 (in Russian).Hollis L., McGeer J.C., McDonald D.G., Wood C.M. Protective effects of calcium against chronic waterborne cadmium exposure to juvenile rainbow trout // Environment Toxicology and Chemistry. 2000. Vol. 19, N 11. P. 2725–2734. doi:10.1002/etc.5620191117Hollis L., McGeer J.C., McDonald D.G., Wood C.M. Protective effects of calcium against chronic waterborne cadmium exposure to juvenile rainbow trout. Environment Toxicology and Chemistry. 2000, 19(11), 2725–2734. doi:10.1002/etc.5620191117Spry D.J., Wiener, J.G. Metal bioavailability and toxicity to fish in low–alkalinity lakes: a critical review // Environmental Pollution. 1991. Vol. 71, N 2–4. P. 243–304. doi:10.1016/0269-7491(91)90034-tSpry D.J., Wiener, J.G. Metal bioavailability and toxicity to fish in low–alkalinity lakes: a critical review. Environmental Pollution. 1991, 71(2–4), 243–304. doi:10.1016/0269-7491(91)90034-tКочешкова О.В., Ежова Е.Е., Ланге Е.К. Особенности питания двух массовых видов полихет Вислинского залива Балтийского моря // Морской экологический журнал. 2012. T. 11, № 2. C. 45–51.Kocheshkova O.V., Ezhova E.E., Lange E.K. Feeding features of two common species of polychaetes in the Vistula Lagoon of the Baltic Sea. Morskoy Ekologicheskiy Zhurnal. 2012, 11(2), 45–51 (in Russian).Hill C., Elmgren R. Predation by the isopod Saduria entomon on the amphipods Monoporeia affinis and Pontoporeia femorata: Experiments on prey vulnerability // Oecologia. 1992. Vol. 91, N 2. P. 153–156. doi:10.1007/BF00317777Hill C., Elmgren R. Predation by the isopod Saduria entomon on the amphipods Monoporeia affinis and Pontoporeia femorata: Experiments on prey vulnerability. Oecologia. 1992, 91(2), 153–56. doi:10.1007/BF00317777Golubkov S., Tiunov A., Golubkov M. Food–web modification in the eastern Gulf of Finland after invasion of Marenzelleria arctia (Spionidae, Polychaeta) // NeoBiota. 2021. Vol. 66. P. 75–94. doi:10.3897/neobiota.66.63847Golubkov S., Tiunov A., Golubkov M. Food–web modification in the eastern Gulf of Finland after invasion of Marenzelleria arctia (Spionidae, Polychaeta). NeoBiota. 2021, 66, 75–94. doi:10.3897/neobiota.66.63847

The authors declare that there are no conflicts of interest present.