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<article article-type="research-article" dtd-version="1.3" xmlns:mml="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML" xmlns:xlink="http://www.w3.org/1999/xlink" xmlns:xsi="http://www.w3.org/2001/XMLSchema-instance" xml:lang="ru"><front><journal-meta><journal-id journal-id-type="publisher-id">hydrophysics</journal-id><journal-title-group><journal-title xml:lang="ru">Фундаментальная и прикладная гидрофизика</journal-title><trans-title-group xml:lang="en"><trans-title>Fundamental and Applied Hydrophysics</trans-title></trans-title-group></journal-title-group><issn pub-type="ppub">2073-6673</issn><issn pub-type="epub">2782-5221</issn><publisher><publisher-name>St. Petersburg Research Center of the Russian Academy of Sciences</publisher-name></publisher></journal-meta><article-meta><article-id pub-id-type="doi">10.59887/2073-6673.2024.17(2)-3</article-id><article-id custom-type="elpub" pub-id-type="custom">hydrophysics-1323</article-id><article-categories><subj-group subj-group-type="heading"><subject>Research Article</subject></subj-group><subj-group subj-group-type="section-heading" xml:lang="ru"><subject>ГИДРОФИЗИЧЕСКИЕ И БИОГЕОХИМИЧЕСКИЕ ПОЛЯ И ПРОЦЕССЫ</subject></subj-group><subj-group subj-group-type="section-heading" xml:lang="en"><subject>HYDROPHYSICAL AND BIOGEOCHEMICAL FIELDS AND PROCESSES</subject></subj-group></article-categories><title-group><article-title>Влияние климатических и социально-экономических изменений на состояние экосистем Балтийского моря</article-title><trans-title-group xml:lang="en"><trans-title>Effect of Climate and Socio-Economic Changes on the State of the Baltic Sea Ecosystems</trans-title></trans-title-group></title-group><contrib-group><contrib contrib-type="author" corresp="yes"><contrib-id contrib-id-type="orcid">https://orcid.org/0000-0001-5243-1804</contrib-id><name-alternatives><name name-style="eastern" xml:lang="ru"><surname>Еремина</surname><given-names>Т. Р.</given-names></name><name name-style="western" xml:lang="en"><surname>Eremina</surname><given-names>T. R.</given-names></name></name-alternatives><bio xml:lang="ru"><p>Еремина Татьяна Рэмовна, директор института гидрологии и океанологии, кандидат физико-математических наук, доцент</p><p>192007, Санкт-Петербург, Воронежская ул., д. 79</p><p>WoS ResearcherID E-6467-2017</p><p>Scopus Author ID 25640577600</p></bio><bio xml:lang="en"><p>192007, St. Petersburg, Voronezhskaya Str., 79</p></bio><email xlink:type="simple">tanya.er@gmail.com</email><xref ref-type="aff" rid="aff-1"/></contrib><contrib contrib-type="author" corresp="yes"><contrib-id contrib-id-type="orcid">https://orcid.org/0009-0000-8545-0761</contrib-id><name-alternatives><name name-style="eastern" xml:lang="ru"><surname>Хаймина</surname><given-names>О. В.</given-names></name><name name-style="western" xml:lang="en"><surname>Khaimina</surname><given-names>O. V.</given-names></name></name-alternatives><bio xml:lang="ru"><p>Хаймина Ольга Владимировна, доцент кафедры прикладной океанографии и комплексного управления прибрежными зонами, кандидат географических наук</p><p>Санкт-Петербург, Воронежская ул., д. 79</p><p>Scopus Author ID 26032078000</p></bio><bio xml:lang="en"><p>192007, St. Petersburg, Voronezhskaya Str., 79</p></bio><email xlink:type="simple">khaimina@rshu.ru</email><xref ref-type="aff" rid="aff-1"/></contrib><contrib contrib-type="author" corresp="yes"><name-alternatives><name name-style="eastern" xml:lang="ru"><surname>Владимирова</surname><given-names>О. М.</given-names></name><name name-style="western" xml:lang="en"><surname>Vladimirova</surname><given-names>O. M.</given-names></name></name-alternatives><bio xml:lang="ru"><p>Владимирова Оксана Михайловна, доцент кафедры океанологии, кандидат географических наук</p><p>Санкт-Петербург, Воронежская ул., д. 79</p><p>Scopus Author ID 57205388852</p></bio><bio xml:lang="en"><p>192007, St. Petersburg, Voronezhskaya Str., 79</p></bio><email xlink:type="simple">3256767@gmail.com</email><xref ref-type="aff" rid="aff-1"/></contrib></contrib-group><aff-alternatives id="aff-1"><aff xml:lang="ru"><institution>Российский государственный гидрометеорологический университет</institution><country>Россия</country></aff><aff xml:lang="en"><institution>Russian State Hydrometeorological University</institution><country>Russian Federation</country></aff></aff-alternatives><pub-date pub-type="collection"><year>2024</year></pub-date><pub-date pub-type="epub"><day>21</day><month>07</month><year>2024</year></pub-date><volume>17</volume><issue>2</issue><fpage>25</fpage><lpage>34</lpage><permissions><copyright-statement>Copyright &amp;#x00A9; Еремина Т.Р., Хаймина О.В., Владимирова О.М., 2024</copyright-statement><copyright-year>2024</copyright-year><copyright-holder xml:lang="ru">Еремина Т.Р., Хаймина О.В., Владимирова О.М.</copyright-holder><copyright-holder xml:lang="en">Eremina T.R., Khaimina O.V., Vladimirova O.M.</copyright-holder><license xml:lang="ru" license-type="creative-commons-attribution" xlink:href="https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/" xlink:type="simple"><license-p>Данная работа распространяется под лицензией Creative Commons Attribution 4.0.</license-p></license><license xml:lang="en" license-type="creative-commons-attribution" xlink:href="https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/" xlink:type="simple"><license-p>This work is licensed under a Creative Commons Attribution 4.0 License.</license-p></license></permissions><self-uri xlink:href="https://hydrophysics.spbrc.ru/jour/article/view/1323">https://hydrophysics.spbrc.ru/jour/article/view/1323</self-uri><abstract><p>Выполнены расчеты по воспроизведению основных компонентов экосистем Балтийского моря на основе стационарной, боксовой модели SANBALTS при различных сценариях изменения климата и социально-экономических условий. При различных сценариях потепления снижение биогенной нагрузки приведет к сокращению площади гипоксийных зон в Балтийском море, при этом самое значительное уменьшение площади обусловлено сценарием сокращения сельскохозяйственного сектора и численности населения. Снизится содержание запасов фосфора в бентосном слое, увеличится концентрация неорганического азота, уменьшится азот-фиксация. Наиболее заметное снижение первичной продукции и повышение прозрачности воды связано с умеренным сценарием изменения климата и при значительном снижении биогенной нагрузки. Полученные результаты показали, что при определенных комбинациях сценариев можно ожидать улучшения экологического состояния моря даже при самом неблагоприятном климатическом сценарии.</p></abstract><trans-abstract xml:lang="en"><p>In this study, calculations are performed to reproduce the main components of the Baltic Sea ecosystems based on the stationary, boxed SANBALTS model under various scenarios of climate change in combination with two scenarios of the development of socio-economic conditions. Under various warming scenarios, a decrease in the nutrient load will lead to a reduction in the area of hypoxic zones in the Baltic Sea, while the most significant decrease in the area is due to the scenario of a reduction in the agricultural sector and population. The phosphorus in the benthic layer will decrease, the concentration of inorganic nitrogen will increase, and nitrogen fixation will decrease. The most noticeable decrease in primary production and an increase in water transparency is associated with a moderate climate change scenario and with a significant decrease in the nutrient load. The results showed that under certain combinations of scenarios, an improvement in the ecological state of the sea can be expected even under the most unfavorable climatic scenario.</p></trans-abstract><kwd-group xml:lang="ru"><kwd>сценарии</kwd><kwd>изменение климата</kwd><kwd>биогенная нагрузка</kwd><kwd>экосистема</kwd><kwd>моделирование</kwd><kwd>эвтрофирование</kwd><kwd>Балтийское море</kwd></kwd-group><kwd-group xml:lang="en"><kwd>scenarios</kwd><kwd>climate change</kwd><kwd>nutrients load</kwd><kwd>ecosystem</kwd><kwd>modeling</kwd><kwd>eutrophication</kwd><kwd>Baltic Sea</kwd></kwd-group><funding-group><funding-statement xml:lang="ru">Работа выполнена в рамках государственного задания FSZU‑2023-0002.</funding-statement><funding-statement xml:lang="en">The work was performed under the State assignment FSZU‑2023-0002.</funding-statement></funding-group></article-meta></front><back><ref-list><title>References</title><ref id="cit1"><label>1</label><citation-alternatives><mixed-citation xml:lang="ru">Костяной А.Г., Ерёмина Т.Р., Иванов В.В. и др. 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