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<article article-type="research-article" dtd-version="1.3" xmlns:mml="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML" xmlns:xlink="http://www.w3.org/1999/xlink" xmlns:xsi="http://www.w3.org/2001/XMLSchema-instance" xml:lang="ru"><front><journal-meta><journal-id journal-id-type="publisher-id">hydrophysics</journal-id><journal-title-group><journal-title xml:lang="ru">Фундаментальная и прикладная гидрофизика</journal-title><trans-title-group xml:lang="en"><trans-title>Fundamental and Applied Hydrophysics</trans-title></trans-title-group></journal-title-group><issn pub-type="ppub">2073-6673</issn><issn pub-type="epub">2782-5221</issn><publisher><publisher-name>St. Petersburg Research Center of the Russian Academy of Sciences</publisher-name></publisher></journal-meta><article-meta><article-id pub-id-type="doi">10.7868/S2073667320030089</article-id><article-id custom-type="elpub" pub-id-type="custom">hydrophysics-117</article-id><article-categories><subj-group subj-group-type="heading"><subject>Research Article</subject></subj-group><subj-group subj-group-type="section-heading" xml:lang="ru"><subject>ТЕХНИЧЕСКАЯ ГИДРОФИЗИКА</subject></subj-group><subj-group subj-group-type="section-heading" xml:lang="en"><subject>TECHNICAL HYDROPHYSICS</subject></subj-group></article-categories><title-group><article-title>Определение скорости течения на морской поверхности доплеровским радиолокатором X-диапазона</article-title><trans-title-group xml:lang="en"><trans-title>Determination of the Sea Surface Current by a Doppler X-Band Radar</trans-title></trans-title-group></title-group><contrib-group><contrib contrib-type="author" corresp="yes"><name-alternatives><name name-style="eastern" xml:lang="ru"><surname>Ермошкин</surname><given-names>А. В.</given-names></name><name name-style="western" xml:lang="en"><surname>Ermoshkin</surname><given-names>A. V.</given-names></name></name-alternatives><bio xml:lang="ru"><p>603950, ул. Ульянова, д. 46, г. Нижний Новгород</p></bio><bio xml:lang="en"><p>603950, Ulyanova Str., 46, Nizhny Novgorod</p></bio><email xlink:type="simple">al-ermoshkin@yandex.ru</email><xref ref-type="aff" rid="aff-1"/></contrib><contrib contrib-type="author" corresp="yes"><name-alternatives><name name-style="eastern" xml:lang="ru"><surname>Капустин</surname><given-names>И. А.</given-names></name><name name-style="western" xml:lang="en"><surname>Kapustin</surname><given-names>I. A.</given-names></name></name-alternatives><bio xml:lang="ru"><p>603950, ул. Ульянова, д. 46, г. Нижний Новгород</p></bio><bio xml:lang="en"><p>603950, Ulyanova Str., 46, Nizhny Novgorod</p></bio><xref ref-type="aff" rid="aff-1"/></contrib><contrib contrib-type="author" corresp="yes"><name-alternatives><name name-style="eastern" xml:lang="ru"><surname>Мольков</surname><given-names>А. А.</given-names></name><name name-style="western" xml:lang="en"><surname>Molkov</surname><given-names>A. A.</given-names></name></name-alternatives><bio xml:lang="ru"><p>603950, ул. Ульянова, д. 46, г. Нижний Новгород</p></bio><bio xml:lang="en"><p>603950, Ulyanova Str., 46, Nizhny Novgorod</p></bio><xref ref-type="aff" rid="aff-1"/></contrib><contrib contrib-type="author" corresp="yes"><name-alternatives><name name-style="eastern" xml:lang="ru"><surname>Богатов</surname><given-names>Н. А.</given-names></name><name name-style="western" xml:lang="en"><surname>Bogatov</surname><given-names>N. A.</given-names></name></name-alternatives><bio xml:lang="ru"><p>603950, ул. Ульянова, д. 46, г. Нижний Новгород</p></bio><bio xml:lang="en"><p>603950, Ulyanova Str., 46, Nizhny Novgorod</p></bio><xref ref-type="aff" rid="aff-1"/></contrib></contrib-group><aff-alternatives id="aff-1"><aff xml:lang="ru">Институт прикладной физики РАН<country>Россия</country></aff><aff xml:lang="en">Institute of Applied Physics RAS<country>Russian Federation</country></aff></aff-alternatives><pub-date pub-type="collection"><year>2020</year></pub-date><pub-date pub-type="epub"><day>03</day><month>12</month><year>2021</year></pub-date><volume>13</volume><issue>3</issue><fpage>93</fpage><lpage>103</lpage><permissions><copyright-statement>Copyright &amp;#x00A9; Ермошкин А.В., Капустин И.А., Мольков А.А., Богатов Н.А., 2021</copyright-statement><copyright-year>2021</copyright-year><copyright-holder xml:lang="ru">Ермошкин А.В., Капустин И.А., Мольков А.А., Богатов Н.А.</copyright-holder><copyright-holder xml:lang="en">Ermoshkin A.V., Kapustin I.A., Molkov A.A., Bogatov N.A.</copyright-holder><license license-type="creative-commons-attribution" xlink:href="https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/" xlink:type="simple"><license-p>This work is licensed under a Creative Commons Attribution 4.0 License.</license-p></license></permissions><self-uri xlink:href="https://hydrophysics.spbrc.ru/jour/article/view/117">https://hydrophysics.spbrc.ru/jour/article/view/117</self-uri><abstract><p>В работе предложена методика определения скорости и направления поверхностного течения по измерениям скоростных радиолокационных панорам доплеровским радиолокатором X-диапазона. На основе результатов численного моделирования доплеровской скорости брэгговских волн в поле ветрового волнения и течения выбран диапазон дальностей для измерения скорости поверхностного течения, при котором можно не учитывать эффект затенения участков морской поверхности гребнями волн. Проведены продолжительные натурные эксперименты, в ходе которых предлагаемая методика была проверена. Скорость и направление поверхностного течения вычислялись как векторная сумма скорости течения водной толщи и 3% скорости ветра, при этом одновременно измерялись скоростные радиолокационные панорамы морской поверхности. Показано, что при зондировании навстречу ветру/волнению средние скорости рассеивающих СВЧ радиоволны элементов морской поверхности существенно выше предсказаний двухмасштабной модели рассеивания, учет которых для восстановления скорости поверхностного течения, был проведен эмпирически. При зондировании по ветру/волнению наблюдалось хорошее согласие с результатами моделирования. Корреляционный анализ поверхностного течения, вычисленного через гидрометеорологические параметры и по скоростным радиолокационным панорамам, продемонстрировал максимальный коэффициент корреляции для величины скорости 0.88 со среднеквадратичной ошибкой 8 см/с, а для направления 0.98 — со среднеквадратичной ошибкой 14°. Отмечается, что пленочные слики на морской поверхности приводят к существенному уменьшению усредненной доплеровской скорости, что может выступать дополнительным критерием при дистанционном обнаружении разливов нефти и нефтепродуктов.</p></abstract><trans-abstract xml:lang="en"><p>The paper proposes a methodology for determining the speed and direction of the sea surface current from measurements of Doppler radar panoramas with an X-band Doppler radar. Numerical simulation of the Doppler velocity of the Bragg waves in the field of wind waves and currents were carried out. The range of distance was selected for measuring the velocity of the surface current at which the effect of shading of the sea surface sections by wave crests can be ignored. Long field experiments were conducted, during which the proposed method was tested. The velocity and direction of the surface current were calculated as the vectorial sum of the velocity of the water column and 3% of the wind speed, while at the same time Doppler radar panoramas of the sea surface were measured. It was shown that, for upwind/upwave radar sensing, the average Doppler velocity of the scattering microwave waves of sea surface elements are significantly higher than the predictions of the two-scale scattering model. To restore the velocity of the surface current the registration was carried out empirically. For downwind/downwaves radar sensing, good agreement with the simulation results was observed. A correlation analysis of the surface current, calculated through hydro meteorological parameters and Doppler radar panoramas, showed a maximum correlation coefficient for a velocity value is about 0.88 with a root mean square error of 8 cm/s, and for a direction is about 0.98 with a root mean square error of 14 degrees. It is noted that film slicks on the sea surface lead to a significant decrease in the average Doppler velocity, which may serve as an additional criterion for the remote detection of oil spills.</p></trans-abstract><kwd-group xml:lang="ru"><kwd>течения на морской поверхности</kwd><kwd>когерентное радиолокационное зондирование</kwd><kwd>эффект Доплера</kwd><kwd>пленочные слики</kwd><kwd>моделирование</kwd><kwd>эксперименты</kwd></kwd-group><kwd-group xml:lang="en"><kwd>sea surface currents</kwd><kwd>coherent radar sensing</kwd><kwd>Doppler effect</kwd><kwd>film slicks</kwd><kwd>modeling</kwd><kwd>experiments</kwd></kwd-group><funding-group xml:lang="ru"><funding-statement>Проведение эксперимента в части радиолокационных наблюдений, обработка и анализ экспериментальных данных и написание статьи выполнено при поддержке проекта РНФ № 18–77–00072. Эксперименты с пленочными загрязнениями проведены при поддержке гранта РФФИ № 18–35–20054.</funding-statement></funding-group></article-meta></front><back><ref-list><title>References</title><ref id="cit1"><label>1</label><citation-alternatives><mixed-citation xml:lang="ru">Стехновский Д. И., Зубков А.Е. Навигационная гидрометеорология. М.: Транспорт, 1977. 264 c.</mixed-citation><mixed-citation xml:lang="en">Stehnovskiy D.I., Zubkov A.E. Navigation and hydrometeorology. Moscow, Transport, 1977. 264 p. (in Russian).</mixed-citation></citation-alternatives></ref><ref id="cit2"><label>2</label><citation-alternatives><mixed-citation xml:lang="ru">Будянский М. В. и др. Лагранжев анализ Курильских вихрей // Вестник ДВО РАН. 2017. № 4. С. 81–88.</mixed-citation><mixed-citation xml:lang="en">Budyanskiy M.V. et al. Lagrange analysis of the Kuril vortices. 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