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<article article-type="research-article" dtd-version="1.3" xmlns:mml="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML" xmlns:xlink="http://www.w3.org/1999/xlink" xmlns:xsi="http://www.w3.org/2001/XMLSchema-instance" xml:lang="ru"><front><journal-meta><journal-id journal-id-type="publisher-id">hydrophysics</journal-id><journal-title-group><journal-title xml:lang="ru">Фундаментальная и прикладная гидрофизика</journal-title><trans-title-group xml:lang="en"><trans-title>Fundamental and Applied Hydrophysics</trans-title></trans-title-group></journal-title-group><issn pub-type="ppub">2073-6673</issn><issn pub-type="epub">2782-5221</issn><publisher><publisher-name>St. Petersburg Research Center of the Russian Academy of Sciences</publisher-name></publisher></journal-meta><article-meta><article-id pub-id-type="doi">10.7868/S2073667320010098</article-id><article-id custom-type="elpub" pub-id-type="custom">hydrophysics-11</article-id><article-categories><subj-group subj-group-type="heading"><subject>Research Article</subject></subj-group><subj-group subj-group-type="section-heading" xml:lang="ru"><subject>ИСТОРИЯ НАУКИ И ТЕХНИКИ В ОБЛАСТИ ГИДРОФИЗИКИ</subject></subj-group><subj-group subj-group-type="section-heading" xml:lang="en"><subject>THE HISTORY OF SCIENCE AND TECHNICS IN HYDROPHYSICS</subject></subj-group></article-categories><title-group><article-title>Научный путь Михаила Андреевича Великанова: создание геофизического направления в гидрологии и науки о русловых процессах</article-title><trans-title-group xml:lang="en"><trans-title>Scientific path of Mikhail Andreyevich Velikanov: creation of a geophysical direction in hydrology and science about stream processes</trans-title></trans-title-group></title-group><contrib-group><contrib contrib-type="author" corresp="yes"><name-alternatives><name name-style="eastern" xml:lang="ru"><surname>Широкова</surname><given-names>В. А.</given-names></name><name name-style="western" xml:lang="en"><surname>Shirokova</surname><given-names>V. A.</given-names></name></name-alternatives><bio xml:lang="ru"><p>г. Москва</p></bio><bio xml:lang="en"><p>Moscow</p></bio><email xlink:type="simple">shirocova@gmail.com</email><xref ref-type="aff" rid="aff-1"/></contrib><contrib contrib-type="author" corresp="yes"><name-alternatives><name name-style="eastern" xml:lang="ru"><surname>Собисевич</surname><given-names>А. В.</given-names></name><name name-style="western" xml:lang="en"><surname>Sobisevich</surname><given-names>A. V.</given-names></name></name-alternatives><bio xml:lang="ru"><p>г. Москва</p></bio><bio xml:lang="en"><p>Moscow</p></bio><email xlink:type="simple">sobisevich@mail.ru</email><xref ref-type="aff" rid="aff-2"/></contrib></contrib-group><aff-alternatives id="aff-1"><aff xml:lang="ru"><institution>Институт истории естествознания и техники им. С.И. Вавилова РАН</institution><country>Россия</country></aff><aff xml:lang="en"><institution>S.I. Vavilov Institute for the History of Science and Technology, RAS; State University of Land Use Planning</institution><country>Russian Federation</country></aff></aff-alternatives><aff-alternatives id="aff-2"><aff xml:lang="ru"><institution>Институт истории естествознания и техники им. С.И. Вавилова РАН</institution><country>Россия</country></aff><aff xml:lang="en"><institution>S.I. Vavilov Institute for the History of Science and Technology, RAS</institution><country>Russian Federation</country></aff></aff-alternatives><pub-date pub-type="collection"><year>2020</year></pub-date><pub-date pub-type="epub"><day>28</day><month>11</month><year>2021</year></pub-date><volume>13</volume><issue>1</issue><fpage>89</fpage><lpage>98</lpage><permissions><copyright-statement>Copyright &amp;#x00A9; Широкова В.А., Собисевич А.В., 2021</copyright-statement><copyright-year>2021</copyright-year><copyright-holder xml:lang="ru">Широкова В.А., Собисевич А.В.</copyright-holder><copyright-holder xml:lang="en">Shirokova V.A., Sobisevich A.V.</copyright-holder><license xml:lang="ru" license-type="creative-commons-attribution" xlink:href="https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/" xlink:type="simple"><license-p>Данная работа распространяется под лицензией Creative Commons Attribution 4.0.</license-p></license><license xml:lang="en" license-type="creative-commons-attribution" xlink:href="https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/" xlink:type="simple"><license-p>This work is licensed under a Creative Commons Attribution 4.0 License.</license-p></license></permissions><self-uri xlink:href="https://hydrophysics.spbrc.ru/jour/article/view/11">https://hydrophysics.spbrc.ru/jour/article/view/11</self-uri><abstract><p>М. А. Великанов (1879–1964) известен как один из основоположников гидрологии суши. В 1917 г. он начал свою преподавательскую деятельность в Томском технологическом институте, затем в 1921 г. получил должность профессора в Московском межевом институте и в 1923 г. Московском техническом училище. С 1930 по 1941 гг. руководил кафедрой динамики русловых потоков в Московском гидрометеорологическом институте. В 1935 г. в Энергетическом институте АН СССР М. А. Великанов создал лабораторию физической гидродинамики (c 1947 г. — лаборатория русловых процессов ИГ АН СССР), которой руководил до 1952 г. В 1945 г. на физическом факультете Московского государственного университета организовал подготовку специалистов физики руслового потока. М. А. Великанов осуществил идею создания стоковых станций, которые впоследствии нашли широкое распространение в СССР и за рубежом. В своих научных исследованиях он уделял большое внимание закономерностям физики руслового потока и свойствам потоков высокой мутности.</p></abstract><trans-abstract xml:lang="en"><p>A. Velikanov (1879–1964) is known as one of the founders of inland hydrology. In 1917 he began his teaching work at the Tomsk Institute of Technology. Then he obtained a professor’s positions at the Moscow Institute of Surveying in 1921 and at Moscow Technical School in 1923. From 1930 till 1941 he worked as head of the subdepartment stream processes’ dynamic at the Moscow Institute of Hydrometeorology. In 1935, M. A. Velikanov created the laboratory of fluid dynamics at Power Engineering Institute of Soviet Academy of Sciences (from 1947 — laboratory of stream processes at Institute of Geography), which was directed by him until 1952. In 1945, at the Physics Department of Moscow State University, he organized the training process of specialists in the physics of the channel stream. M. A. Velikanov was conceded as the creator of flow stations, which were later developed in the USSR and abroad. In his research, he paid great attention to the physic of stream processes and properties of high turbidity streams.</p></trans-abstract><kwd-group xml:lang="ru"><kwd>история гидрологии</kwd><kwd>русловедение</kwd><kwd>гидрология суши</kwd><kwd>стоковые станции</kwd><kwd>динамика русловых потоков</kwd><kwd>потоки высокой мутности</kwd></kwd-group><kwd-group xml:lang="en"><kwd>history of hydrology</kwd><kwd>river morphology</kwd><kwd>inland hydrology</kwd><kwd>flow stations</kwd><kwd>dynamic of stream processes</kwd><kwd>high turbidity streams</kwd></kwd-group></article-meta></front><back><ref-list><title>References</title><ref id="cit1"><label>1</label><citation-alternatives><mixed-citation xml:lang="ru">Архив РАН. Ф. 1822. Оп. 1. Д. 40. Автопортрет М.А. Великанова.</mixed-citation><mixed-citation xml:lang="en">Archive of the Russian Academy of Sciences. F. 1822. Op. 1. D. 40. 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Short biography of Mikhail Andreevich Velikanov (in Russian).</mixed-citation></citation-alternatives></ref><ref id="cit9"><label>9</label><citation-alternatives><mixed-citation xml:lang="ru">Архив РАН. Ф. 1822. Оп. 1. Д. 36. Орлов Б.П. «Жизнь, научная, производственная и педагогическая деятельность чл.-корр. АН СССР. Михаила Андреевича Великанова».</mixed-citation><mixed-citation xml:lang="en">Archive of the Russian Academy of Sciences. F. 1822. Op. 1. D. 36. Orlov B.P. Life, scientific, industrial and pedagogical activities of Mikhail Andreevich Velikanov — corresponding member of the Academy of Sciences of USSR (in Russian).</mixed-citation></citation-alternatives></ref><ref id="cit10"><label>10</label><citation-alternatives><mixed-citation xml:lang="ru">Небольсин С.И. Элементарный поверхностный сток. Рязань: Гостипография, 1928. 41 с.</mixed-citation><mixed-citation xml:lang="en">Nebolsin S.I. Elementary surface drainage. Ryazan’, Gostipografiya, 1928. 41 p. (in Russian).</mixed-citation></citation-alternatives></ref><ref id="cit11"><label>11</label><citation-alternatives><mixed-citation xml:lang="ru">Чеботарев Н.П. Сток и гидродинамические расчеты. М.: Гидрометеоиздат, 1939. 121 с.</mixed-citation><mixed-citation xml:lang="en">Chebotarev N.P. Drainage and hydrodynamic calculations. Moscow, Gidrometeoizdat, 1939. 121 p. (in Russian).</mixed-citation></citation-alternatives></ref><ref id="cit12"><label>12</label><citation-alternatives><mixed-citation xml:lang="ru">Труфанов А.А. Речная гидрология (Учение о поверхностном стоке). М.: Гостехиздат, 1923. 84 с.</mixed-citation><mixed-citation xml:lang="en">Trufanov А.А. River hydrology (Doctrine of surface drainage). Moscow, Gostekhizdat, 1923. 84 p. (in Russian).</mixed-citation></citation-alternatives></ref><ref id="cit13"><label>13</label><citation-alternatives><mixed-citation xml:lang="ru">Великанов М.А. Гидрология суши: Лекции, читанные в Сибирском институте с.-х. и пром. (1920–21), в Московском межевом институте (1921–22), в Тимирязевской с.-х. академии (1922–25) и в Московском высшем техническом училище (1922–25). М.: Кооператив Московского высшего технического училища, 1925. 192 с.</mixed-citation><mixed-citation xml:lang="en">Velikanov M.A. Land hydrology: Lectures delivered in Siberian Institute of Agriculture and Industry (1920–21), in Moscow Boundary Institute (1921–22), in Timiryazev Agricultural Academy (1922–25) and in Moscow Higher Technical School (1922–25). Moscow, Kooperativ Moskovskogo Vysshego Tekhnicheskogo Uchilischa, 1925. 192 p. (in Russian).</mixed-citation></citation-alternatives></ref><ref id="cit14"><label>14</label><citation-alternatives><mixed-citation xml:lang="ru">Архив РАН. Ф. 1822. Оп. 1. Д. 38. Фотография М.А. Великанова среди студентов Московского гидрометеорологического института.</mixed-citation><mixed-citation xml:lang="en">Archive of the Russian Academy of Sciences. F. 1822. Op. 1. D. 38. Photo of M.A. Velikanov among students of the Moscow Hydrometeorological Institute (in Russian).</mixed-citation></citation-alternatives></ref><ref id="cit15"><label>15</label><citation-alternatives><mixed-citation xml:lang="ru">Гидрологический факультет. История. URL: http://hydro.rshu.ru/doc/История.pdf</mixed-citation><mixed-citation xml:lang="en">Hydrological faculty. History. URL: http://hydro.rshu.ru/doc/История.pdf (in Russian).</mixed-citation></citation-alternatives></ref><ref id="cit16"><label>16</label><citation-alternatives><mixed-citation xml:lang="ru">Архив РАН. Ф. 1822. Оп. 1. Д. 39. Фотография М.А. Великанова в рабочем кабинете.</mixed-citation><mixed-citation xml:lang="en">Archive of the Russian Academy of Sciences. F. 1822. Op. 1. D. 39. Photo of M.A. Velikanov in the office (in Russian).</mixed-citation></citation-alternatives></ref><ref id="cit17"><label>17</label><citation-alternatives><mixed-citation xml:lang="ru">Великанов М.А. Кинематическая структура турбулентного руслового потока // Известия АН СССР. Серия географическая и геофизическая. 1946. Т. 10, № 4. С. 331–340.</mixed-citation><mixed-citation xml:lang="en">Velikanov M.A. Kinematic structure of turbulent channel flow. Izvestiya AN USSR. Seriya Geograficheskaya i Geofizicheskaya. 1946, 10, 4, 331–340 (in Russian).</mixed-citation></citation-alternatives></ref><ref id="cit18"><label>18</label><citation-alternatives><mixed-citation xml:lang="ru">Архив РАН. Ф. 1822. Оп. 1. Д. 16. Великанов М.А. Природа русловой турбулентности.</mixed-citation><mixed-citation xml:lang="en">Archive of the Russian Academy of Sciences. F. 1822. Op. 1. D. 16. Velikanov M.A. “The nature of channel turbulence” (in Russian).</mixed-citation></citation-alternatives></ref><ref id="cit19"><label>19</label><citation-alternatives><mixed-citation xml:lang="ru">Гидрологическая комиссия. URL: http://rgo-moscow.ru/index.php?go=Pages&amp;in=view&amp;id=24</mixed-citation><mixed-citation xml:lang="en">Hydrological Commission. URL: http://rgo-moscow.ru/index.php?go=Pages&amp;in=view&amp;id=24.</mixed-citation></citation-alternatives></ref><ref id="cit20"><label>20</label><citation-alternatives><mixed-citation xml:lang="ru">Великанов М.А. Динамика русловых потоков. Л.: Гидрометеоиздат, 1946. 521 с.</mixed-citation><mixed-citation xml:lang="en">Velikanov M.A. The dynamics of channel flows. L., Gidrometeoizdat, 1946. 521 p. (in Russian).</mixed-citation></citation-alternatives></ref><ref id="cit21"><label>21</label><citation-alternatives><mixed-citation xml:lang="ru">Архив РАН. Ф. 1822. Оп. 1. Д. 37. Отзывы о трудах М.А. Великанова.</mixed-citation><mixed-citation xml:lang="en">Archive of the Russian Academy of Sciences. F. 1822. Op. 1. D. 37. Reviews on the works of M.A. Velikanov (in Russian).</mixed-citation></citation-alternatives></ref><ref id="cit22"><label>22</label><citation-alternatives><mixed-citation xml:lang="ru">Великанов М.А. Движение наносов. М.: Речиздат, 1948. 210 с.</mixed-citation><mixed-citation xml:lang="en">Velikanov M.A. Sediment movement. М., Rechizdat, 1948. 210 p. (in Russian).</mixed-citation></citation-alternatives></ref><ref id="cit23"><label>23</label><citation-alternatives><mixed-citation xml:lang="ru">Архив РАН. Ф. 1822. Оп. 1. Д. 13. Отчет М.А. Великанова по теме «Расчет смыва наносных и селевых отложений долины реки Дуруджи» (1959 г.).</mixed-citation><mixed-citation xml:lang="en">Archive of the Russian Academy of Sciences. F. 1822. Op. 1. D. 13. Report of M.A. Velikanov on the topic “Calculation of flushing of alluvial and mudflow deposits of the Duruji river valley” (1959) (in Russian).</mixed-citation></citation-alternatives></ref><ref id="cit24"><label>24</label><citation-alternatives><mixed-citation xml:lang="ru">Архив РАН. Ф. 1822. Оп. 1. Д. 42. Фотографии «Селеносные ландшафты русла рек Кон-Чека». Казахстан, 1950.</mixed-citation><mixed-citation xml:lang="en">Archive of the Russian Academy of Sciences. F. 1822. Op. 1. D. 42. Photos “Mudslide landscapes of the Kon-Chek river bed”. Kazakhstan, 1950 (in Russian).</mixed-citation></citation-alternatives></ref><ref id="cit25"><label>25</label><citation-alternatives><mixed-citation xml:lang="ru">Сели в Северном Тянь-Шане. URL: https://silkadv.com/ru/node/6300.</mixed-citation><mixed-citation xml:lang="en">Mudslides in the Northern Tien Shan. URL: https://silkadv.com/ru/node/6300 (in Russian).</mixed-citation></citation-alternatives></ref><ref id="cit26"><label>26</label><citation-alternatives><mixed-citation xml:lang="ru">Архив РАН. Ф. 1822. Оп. 1. Д. 6. Отчет М.А. Великанова по теме «Исследование мутности придонного слоя» (1951 г.).</mixed-citation><mixed-citation xml:lang="en">Archive of the Russian Academy of Sciences. F. 1822. Op. 1. D. 6. Report of M.A. Velikanov on the topic “Study of the turbidity of the bottom layer” (1951) (in Russian).</mixed-citation></citation-alternatives></ref><ref id="cit27"><label>27</label><citation-alternatives><mixed-citation xml:lang="ru">Великанов М.А. Гидрология суши: Учебник для университетов и гидрометеорологических институтов. Л.: Гидрометеоиздат, 1964. 403 с.</mixed-citation><mixed-citation xml:lang="en">Velikanov M.A. Land Hydrology: A Textbook for universities and hydrometeorological institutes. L., Gidrometeoizdat, 1964. 403 p. (in Russian).</mixed-citation></citation-alternatives></ref><ref id="cit28"><label>28</label><citation-alternatives><mixed-citation xml:lang="ru">Архив РАН. Ф. 1907. Оп. 1. Д. 53. Переписка по научно-организационным вопросам с членами Московского филиала, Географическими обществом СССР и другими лицами.</mixed-citation><mixed-citation xml:lang="en">Archive of the Russian Academy of Sciences. F. 1907. Op. 1. D. 53. Correspondence on scientific and organizational issues with members of the Moscow branch, the Geographical Society of the USSR and other persons (in Russian).</mixed-citation></citation-alternatives></ref></ref-list><fn-group><fn fn-type="conflict"><p>The authors declare that there are no conflicts of interest present.</p></fn></fn-group></back></article>
