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<article article-type="research-article" dtd-version="1.3" xmlns:mml="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML" xmlns:xlink="http://www.w3.org/1999/xlink" xmlns:xsi="http://www.w3.org/2001/XMLSchema-instance" xml:lang="ru"><front><journal-meta><journal-id journal-id-type="publisher-id">hydrophysics</journal-id><journal-title-group><journal-title xml:lang="ru">Фундаментальная и прикладная гидрофизика</journal-title><trans-title-group xml:lang="en"><trans-title>Fundamental and Applied Hydrophysics</trans-title></trans-title-group></journal-title-group><issn pub-type="ppub">2073-6673</issn><issn pub-type="epub">2782-5221</issn><publisher><publisher-name>St. Petersburg Research Center of the Russian Academy of Sciences</publisher-name></publisher></journal-meta><article-meta><article-id custom-type="elpub" pub-id-type="custom">hydrophysics-1081</article-id><article-categories><subj-group subj-group-type="heading"><subject>Research Article</subject></subj-group><subj-group subj-group-type="section-heading" xml:lang="ru"><subject>ФУНДАМЕНТАЛЬНЫЕ ВОПРОСЫ ГИДРОФИЗИКИ</subject></subj-group><subj-group subj-group-type="section-heading" xml:lang="en"><subject>FUNDAMENTAL ISSUES OF HYDROPHYSICS</subject></subj-group></article-categories><title-group><article-title>Экспериментальные исследования возникновения волн-убийц при эволюции узкого спектра крутых волн</article-title><trans-title-group xml:lang="en"><trans-title>Experimental Investigations of Freak Waves Arising  During the Evolution of Narrow Spectrum of Steep Waves</trans-title></trans-title-group></title-group><contrib-group><contrib contrib-type="author" corresp="yes"><name-alternatives><name name-style="eastern" xml:lang="ru"><surname>Кузнецов</surname><given-names>С. Ю.</given-names></name><name name-style="western" xml:lang="en"><surname>Kuznetsov</surname><given-names>S. Yu.</given-names></name></name-alternatives><bio xml:lang="ru"><p>Москва</p></bio><email xlink:type="simple">kuznetsov@ocean.ru</email><xref ref-type="aff" rid="aff-1"/></contrib><contrib contrib-type="author" corresp="yes"><name-alternatives><name name-style="eastern" xml:lang="ru"><surname>Сапрыкина</surname><given-names>Я. В.</given-names></name><name name-style="western" xml:lang="en"><surname>Saprykina</surname><given-names>Ya. V.</given-names></name></name-alternatives><bio xml:lang="ru"><p>Москва</p></bio><xref ref-type="aff" rid="aff-1"/></contrib></contrib-group><aff xml:lang="ru" id="aff-1"><institution>Институт океанологии им.П.П. Ширшова РАН</institution><country>Russian Federation</country></aff><pub-date pub-type="collection"><year>2012</year></pub-date><pub-date pub-type="epub"><day>28</day><month>11</month><year>2022</year></pub-date><volume>5</volume><issue>1</issue><fpage>52</fpage><lpage>63</lpage><permissions><copyright-statement>Copyright &amp;#x00A9; Кузнецов С.Ю., Сапрыкина Я.В., 2022</copyright-statement><copyright-year>2022</copyright-year><copyright-holder xml:lang="ru">Кузнецов С.Ю., Сапрыкина Я.В.</copyright-holder><copyright-holder xml:lang="en">Kuznetsov S.Y., Saprykina Y.V.</copyright-holder><license xml:lang="ru" license-type="creative-commons-attribution" xlink:href="https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/" xlink:type="simple"><license-p>Данная работа распространяется под лицензией Creative Commons Attribution 4.0.</license-p></license><license xml:lang="en" license-type="creative-commons-attribution" xlink:href="https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/" xlink:type="simple"><license-p>This work is licensed under a Creative Commons Attribution 4.0 License.</license-p></license></permissions><self-uri xlink:href="https://hydrophysics.spbrc.ru/jour/article/view/1081">https://hydrophysics.spbrc.ru/jour/article/view/1081</self-uri><abstract><p>По данным лабораторных экспериментов рассмотрен процесс формирования волнубийц при трансформации изначально узкого спектра волн. Показано, что при распространении изначально достаточно крутых монохроматических и бихроматических волн происходит быстрое смещение частоты максимума спектра в низкочастотную область. Это смещение является основной причиной изменчивости амплитудночастотного состава индивидуальных волн и, как следствие – образование волн-убийц. Рассмотрено, как эволюция спектра зависит от начальной крутизны волн и ширины спектра.</p></abstract><trans-abstract xml:lang="en"><p>Process of freak waves formation as a result of transformation of initial narrow wave spectrum considered on the base of laboratory experiments. It is demonstrated that downshifting of spectral maximum occurs during the propagation of steep initially monochromatic and bichromatic waves. This downshifting is the main reason of variability of amplitude-frequency contents of individual waves and, as sequence, the freak wave’s formation. In paper is considered how the evolution of spectrum depends on initial steepness of waves and spectral wideness.</p></trans-abstract><kwd-group xml:lang="ru"><kwd>волны-убийцы</kwd><kwd>модуляционная неустойчивость</kwd><kwd>нелинейные взаимодействия</kwd><kwd>групповая структура волн</kwd><kwd>дискретный сдвиг частоты</kwd></kwd-group><kwd-group xml:lang="en"><kwd>freak waves</kwd><kwd>modulation instability</kwd><kwd>wave group structure</kwd><kwd>discrete frequency downshifting</kwd></kwd-group><funding-group><funding-statement xml:lang="ru">Работа выполнена при поддержке проекта HYDRALABIII-TA8, контракт № 022441. Авторы благодарят Войцеха Сулиша, Льва Шемера и Йоахима Грюне за всестороннюю поддержку при проведении экспериментов.</funding-statement></funding-group></article-meta></front><back><ref-list><title>References</title><ref id="cit1"><label>1</label><citation-alternatives><mixed-citation xml:lang="ru">Куркин А.А., Пелиновский Е.Н. 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